Investigation of iodine nutrition status of residents in Hohhot City in 2022
许凯峰 1韩霞 1李粉霞 1耿妍 1包慧 1吴师菲
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作者信息
1. 呼和浩特市疾病预防控制中心地病所，呼和浩特 010070
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摘要
目的 了解呼和浩特市居民碘营养状况，为科学防控碘缺乏病及合理补碘提供依据。 方法 采用分层整群抽样法，2022年在呼和浩特市9个旗（县、区）开展居民碘营养状况调查，每个旗（县、区）按照东、西、南、北、中方位划分5个抽样片区，每个片区各抽取1所学校，每所学校抽取40名8 ~ 10岁儿童（年龄均衡、男女各半），每个旗（县、区）抽取100名孕妇（孕早、中、晚期均衡），采集其家庭食用盐盐样和随机尿样，测定盐碘、尿碘含量。抽取3个旗（县、区），每个旗（县、区）抽取40名儿童，使用B超法测量其甲状腺容积。 结果 共采集食用盐盐样2 710份，检出非碘盐32份，盐碘中位数为21.6 mg/kg，碘盐覆盖率为98.7%（2 675/2 710），合格碘盐食用率为92.8%（2 515/2 710）。其中，儿童家庭食用盐盐样1 803份，盐碘中位数为21.9 mg/kg，碘盐覆盖率为99.1%（1 786/1 803），合格碘盐食用率为93.1%（1 678/1 803）；孕妇家庭食用盐盐样907份，盐碘中位数为21.4 mg/kg，碘盐覆盖率为98.0%（890/907），合格碘盐食用率为92.2%（837/907）。儿童、孕妇尿碘中位数分别为198.5、169.9 μg/L。儿童甲状腺肿大（甲肿）率为3.6%（22/602）。 结论 2022年，呼和浩特市居民碘营养处于适宜水平，盐碘覆盖率、儿童和孕妇尿碘、儿童甲肿率均符合碘缺乏病消除标准，碘缺乏病处于持续消除状态。 Objective To understand the iodine nutritional status of Hohhot residents, and to provide a basis for scientific prevention and control of iodine deficiency disease and reasonable iodine supplementation. Methods The stratified cluster sampling method was used to conduct a survey on the iodine nutritional status of residents in 9 banners (counties and districts) of Hohhot City in 2022. Each flag (county, district) was divided into 5 sampling areas according to the east, west, south, north and center directions, and 1 school was selected from each area, 40 children aged 8 to 10 years old were selected from each school (balanced in terms of age, half of both sexes), and 100 pregnant women (balanced in the early, middle and late stages of pregnancy) were selected from each flag (county, district), and the salt samples of household salt were collected as well as random urine samples for the determination of salt iodine and urine iodine content. In 3 randomly selected banners (counties and districts), 40 children were selected from each banner (county and district) and their thyroid volume was measured using ultrasound. Results A total of 2 710 salt samples of edible salt were collected, including 32 samples of non-iodized salt, with a median salt iodine of 21.6 mg/kg, an iodized salt coverage rate of 98.7% (2 675/2 710), and a qualified iodized salt consumption rate of 92.8% (2 515/2 710). There are 1 803 salt samples from children's homes, with a median salt iodization of 21.9 mg/kg, the iodized salt coverage rate was 99.1% (1 786/1 803), and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 93.1% (1 678/1 803). Nine hundred and eight salt samples of edible salt were collected from the homes of pregnant women. The median salt iodine was 21.4 mg/kg, the iodized salt coverage rate was 98.0% (890/907), and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 92.2% (837/907). The median urinary iodine for children and pregnant women was 198.5 and 169.9 μg/L. The rate of goiter in children was 3.6% (22/602). Conclusion In 2022, residents of Hohhot are at the appropriate level of iodine, salt iodine coverage, urinary iodine for children and pregnant women, and goiter rate for children are all in line with the standard for elimination of iodine deficiency diseases, and iodine deficiency diseases are in a state of continuous elimination.
Abstract
Objective To understand the iodine nutritional status of Hohhot residents, and to provide a basis for scientific prevention and control of iodine deficiency disease and reasonable iodine supplementation. Methods The stratified cluster sampling method was used to conduct a survey on the iodine nutritional status of residents in 9 banners (counties and districts) of Hohhot City in 2022. Each flag (county, district) was divided into 5 sampling areas according to the east, west, south, north and center directions, and 1 school was selected from each area, 40 children aged 8 to 10 years old were selected from each school (balanced in terms of age, half of both sexes), and 100 pregnant women (balanced in the early, middle and late stages of pregnancy) were selected from each flag (county, district), and the salt samples of household salt were collected as well as random urine samples for the determination of salt iodine and urine iodine content. In 3 randomly selected banners (counties and districts), 40 children were selected from each banner (county and district) and their thyroid volume was measured using ultrasound. Results A total of 2 710 salt samples of edible salt were collected, including 32 samples of non-iodized salt, with a median salt iodine of 21.6 mg/kg, an iodized salt coverage rate of 98.7% (2 675/2 710), and a qualified iodized salt consumption rate of 92.8% (2 515/2 710). There are 1 803 salt samples from children's homes, with a median salt iodization of 21.9 mg/kg, the iodized salt coverage rate was 99.1% (1 786/1 803), and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 93.1% (1 678/1 803). Nine hundred and eight salt samples of edible salt were collected from the homes of pregnant women. The median salt iodine was 21.4 mg/kg, the iodized salt coverage rate was 98.0% (890/907), and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 92.2% (837/907). The median urinary iodine for children and pregnant women was 198.5 and 169.9 μg/L. The rate of goiter in children was 3.6% (22/602). Conclusion In 2022, residents of Hohhot are at the appropriate level of iodine, salt iodine coverage, urinary iodine for children and pregnant women, and goiter rate for children are all in line with the standard for elimination of iodine deficiency diseases, and iodine deficiency diseases are in a state of continuous elimination.
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