可再生能源电解水制氢系统规划优化与生产模拟
Optimization and Simulation on Hydrogen Production System Using Water Electrolysis Powered by Renewable Energy
张丝钰 1张宁 1代红才 1冯长有 2周专 3朱克平4
作者信息
- 1. 国网能源研究院有限公司,北京 102209
- 2. 国家电力调度控制中心,北京 100031
- 3. 国网新疆电力有限公司,新疆乌鲁木齐 830063
- 4. 国网浙江电力有限公司,浙江杭州 310008
- 折叠
摘要
可再生能源电解水制备所得的氢气,可助力部分难以实现电气化替代的部门深度脱碳,并推动不同部门和能源网络之间形成协同效应.系统配置与生产运行方案的优化是降低绿氢制取成本、提升其经济竞争力的关键.本文提出了一种可再生能源电解水制氢系统规划优化与生产模拟模型,深入分析风电/光伏、电化学储能等关键设备以及电解槽的容量配比、电价水平等关键因素对氢气平准化成本的影响机理,并结合西北、东南 2 个代表性地区开展典型案例研究.研究结果表明,用电成本是影响绿氢经济性的主要因素,绿氢项目向新能源富集地区聚集,在少数优质资源地的绿氢制取成本已降至 20 元/kg左右.若未来电价水平与当前基本持平,绿氢项目运行模式将逐步由并网向将电网作为备用的模式转变.研究结论可为绿氢项目的规划建设提供理论指导与重要参考.
Abstract
Hydrogen produced from water electrolysis powered by renewable energy can help de-carbonize certain hard-to-abate sectors and promote synergy between different sectors and energy networks.As a matter of fact,the optimization of system configuration and operation scheme is vital to reduce the cost of hydrogen production and boost its economy competitiveness.In this paper,a planning optimization and production simulation model of water electrolysis system powered by renewable energy is proposed.The effects of critical components and related key factors,such as the wind power/photovoltaic-electrolyzer ratio,the electrochemical energy storage-electrolyzer ratio and electricity prices,on the levelized cost of hydrogen is analyzed in depth based on the typical configuration of hydrogen production system.Furthermore,two case studies representing typical areas in northwestern and southeastern China are carried out.The results show that the expense of electricity consumption is the major contributor affecting the economy of green hydrogen,which will drive these projects to be relocated to those places with plentiful renewable resources where the levelized cost of hydrogen is dropped to nearly 20 RMB/kg.In the future,the operation of green hydrogen projects will transit from in-grid mode to off-grid mode as system reserve backup if the electricity prices are roughly the same as that now.The research conclusions could provide theoretical guidance and important reference for the planning and construction of green hydrogen projects.
关键词
绿氢/电解水/规划优化/平准化成本/电解槽/储能Key words
green hydrogen/water electrolysis/plan and optimization/levelized cost/electrolyser/energy storage引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家电网科技项目(5419-202257456A-2-0-ZN)
出版年
2024
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
维普
万方数据