The Kuomintang's Adaptation of the CPC's Organizational Theory During the National War of Resistance:An Examination Focused on Party Building
After the outbreak of the National War of Resistance,the Kuomintang urgently needed to strengthen its organizational structure.Chiang Kai-shek placed significant emphasis on Party Building,which was an internal textbook of the CPC.It borrowed various elements from Party Building,including organizational,training,and propaganda aspects,focusing on developing peasant party members,enhancing member training,and creating the Party Member's Manual for internal education.However,these adaptations fell short of expectations.The Party Member's Manual did not become compulsory reading,member training was cumbersome and unfocused,and criticisms and self-criticisms were difficult to implement effectively.The results were partly due to the ideological and cultural shortcomings of Chiang Kai-shek and others,such as their narrow technical understanding of party af-fairs,emphasis on subordination to superiors,and neglect of party leadership over the government.Although the Kuomintang neglected institution-building,this may not necessarily be the root cause of its deeply entrenched dif-ficulties.Political culture might play a more critical role in shaping the tendency of history.
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