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论生态环境损害赔偿诉讼与环境民事公益诉讼之衔接

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生态环境损害赔偿诉讼的模糊属性及其与环境民事公益诉讼功能界分不清,是导致生态环境损害赔偿诉讼制度与环境民事公益诉讼制度衔接陷入困境的重要原因。为此,在分析两种诉讼制度内容的基础上,明确二者属于本质趋同、功能不同的两种诉讼制度。就救济生态环境损害问题而言,应在功能主义研究范式的指引下,以生态环境损害发生的不同阶段为依据,将两种诉讼制度功能进行合理调整,明确将环境民事公益诉讼制度的功能界定为"事前预防",将生态环境损害赔偿诉讼制度的功能定位为"事后损害填补",以此纾解两种诉讼制度在衔接适用方面的困顿。鉴于"生态环境"与"自然资源"属于包含与被包含的关系,同一破坏行为在导致生态环境遭受损害的同时,往往也会对自然资源造成损害。因此,文章根据救济对象的不同,就生态环境损害赔偿诉讼与自然资源损害赔偿诉讼的衔接问题进行简要说明。
Discussion on the Connection Between Environmental Damage Compensation Litigation and Environmental Civil Public Interest Litigation
The ambiguous characteristics of ecological environmental damage litigation and its unclear functional boundary with the environmental civil public interest litigation are important reasons for the difficulties in the connection between the ecological environmental damage litigation system and the environmental civil public interest litigation system.Therefore,based on the analysis of the contents of these two litigation systems,it is clear that they are two litigation systems with the same essence and different functions.As far as the relief of ecological environmental damage is concerned,the functions of the two litigation systems should be reasonably adjusted under the guidance of the functionalist research paradigm and according to the different stages of ecological environmental damage.The function of the environmental civil public interest litigation system should be clearly defined as"prevention in advance",and the function of the ecological environmental damage compensation litigation system should be positioned as"post-damage compensation",so as to ease the difficulties in the connection and application of the two litigation systems.Since the"ecological environment"and"natural resources"have the relationship of"including"and"included",the same destructive behavior often causes damage to the ecological environment as well as to the natural resources.Therefore,according to the different objects of relief,the article briefly describes the connection issues between the ecological environment damage compensation litigation and natural resources damage compensation litigation.

ecological environmental damage compensation litigationenvironmental civil public interest litigationfunctionalismnatural resources damage reliefconnecting path

王宗涛

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海南大学 法学院,海口 570228

生态环境损害赔偿诉讼 环境民事公益诉讼 功能主义 自然资源损害救济 衔接路径

国家社会科学基金一般项目

18BFX175

2024

中国国土资源经济
中国地质矿产经济学会 中国国土资源经济研究院

中国国土资源经济

CHSSCD
影响因子:0.634
ISSN:1672-6995
年,卷(期):2024.37(5)
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