Epidemiological characteristics of neonatal congenital heart disease and related factors in Zhejiang Province
Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence status of neonatal congenital heart disease(CHD)in Ningbo City,Zhejiang Province from 2017 to 2021,and to analyze the influencing factors,so as to provide reference for preventing the risk of CHD and reduce the prevalence of CHD.Methods Using cross-sectional survey method,the neonatal data from March 2017 to December 2021 were captured from Zhenjiang Neonatal Disease Screening Center,and were analyzed by linear trend chi-square test;binary Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of CHD.Results A total of 13 156 newborns screened positive for CHD in Ningbo,Zhejiang Province,with CHD confirmed in 6 300 cases.Among these,3 066 cases were boys(48.7％)and 3 234 cases were girls(51.3％).The prevalence rates of neonatal CHD in Ningbo city for the years 2017,2018,2019,2020,and 2021 were 2.07％,1.10％,2.00％,2.04％and 1.08％,respectively,with an overall prevalence from 2017 to 2021 of 1.69％.The chi-square test for the linear trend indicated a decreasing prevalence of neonatal CHD over time(x2=178.518,P＜0.001).Multivariate analysis showed that maternal age[36 to 45 years(OR=1.24),＞45 years(OR=1.66)],male infants(OR=1.26),premature birth[＜32 weeks(OR=1.13),32-36 weeks(OR=1.54)],and being a second birth(OR=2.56)were independent risk factors for the development of CHD(P＜0.05).Conclusions The prevalence of CHD in Ningbo,Zhejiang Province is higher than that of CHD in China and other cities of Zhejiang Province.Although the prevalence showed a decreasing trend over time,targeted prevention and control measures need to be implemented to reduce the prevalence of CHD.
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