Executive function in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder comorbid learning disorder
Objective To analyze the executive function of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD),children with learning disorder(LD),and children with ADHD comorbid LD,so as to provide scientific basis for the diagnosis and intervention of children with ADHD comorbid LD.Methods A total of 121 children with ADHD and LD who were treated in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from July 2021 to February 2023 were selected into this study.The Number Cancelation Test,Short-Term Memory,Stroop Color Word Test(SCWT),Go/No go tests and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fourth Edition(WISC-Ⅳ)were used for assessment.Results In the Number Cancelation Test,the accuracy of digital cancellation in children with ADHD comorbid LD was significantly lower than that in children with ADHD or LD(H=10.101,P=0.006).In short-term memory,the stable memory length in children with ADHD comorbid LD was significantly lower than that in children with ADHD or LD(H=5.994,P=0.050),and the most stable average reaction time were significantly longer than that in children with ADHD or LD(H=12.153,P=0.002).In SCWT,the accuracy rates of word,color,and color-word test in ADHD children comorbid with LD were significantly lower than those in children with ADHD or LD(H=13.743,7.046,11.156,P＜0.05).In the Go/No go test,the average correct time of the first round of Go in children with ADHD or LD was significantly longer than that in ADHD children(H=6.593,P=0.037).Conclusions Children with ADHD comorbid LD,ADHD,and LD have lower scores on three core aspects of executive function:working memory,cognitive flexibility,and inhibitory control,and children with ADHD comorbid LD have lower scores than children with ADHD and children with LD.Children with ADHD comorbid LD,ADHD,and LD have varying degrees of impairment in executive function,with children with ADHD comorbid LD having more extensive impairment and more severe impairment of executive function.
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorderlearning disorderexecutive function
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