Effects of 5G mobile phone radiofrequency radiation exposure on male mouse fertility
Objective To clarify the effects of 5G mobile phone radiofrequency radiation exposure on male mouse fertil-ity and to preliminarily explore the underlying mechanisms.Methods Healthy male C57BL/6 mice aged 7-8 weeks were randomly assigned to Sham group,3.5 GHz radiofrequency radiation group,and 4.9 GHz radiofrequency radiation group,with 16 mice in each group.The mice were exposed to 3.5 GHz or 4.9 GHz mobile phone radiofrequency radiation for 42 consecutive days(1 h per day).The sperm quality was evaluated using sperm count,deformity rate,and motility.H&E stain-ing was performed to assess testicular tissue structure by observing the morphology of spermatogenic cells at various devel-opment stages,the diameter of seminiferous tubules,and the thickness of seminiferous epithelium.The sperm mitochondrial function was assessed using sperm mitochondrial membrane potential and testicular ATP content.The fertility of mice was evaluated through fertility rate,litter size,and survival rate of offspring.The underlying mechanisms were explored by de-tecting the methylation of LRGUK gene and its mRNA and protein levels.Results Compared with the Sham group,there were no significant changes in sperm count in the 3.5 GHz and 4.9 GHz groups;however,the sperm abnormality rate signi-ficantly increased(P＜0.05)and sperm motility significantly decreased(P＜0.05).The structure of testicular tissue,the function of sperm mitochondria,and fertility of mice showed no significant changes as compared with the Sham group.The methylation level of LRGUK gene in the testes significantly increased,while the mRNA and protein expression levels signi-ficantly decreased.Conclusion Exposure to 3.5 GHz and 4.9 GHz mobile phone radiofrequency radiation for 42 consecut-ive days can lead to an increase in sperm deformity rate and a decrease in sperm motility in mice,but has no significant ef-fect on fertility,which may be related to an increase in methylation level of the LRGUK gene in the testes.
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
