热辅助吸油材料快速吸附高黏度原油研究现状
Research status of rapid adsorption of high viscosity crude oil by thermally assisted oil absorption materials
杨昕 1李发学 2王学利 2俞建勇 2张瑞云 1高婷婷2
作者信息
- 1. 东华大学 纺织学院,上海
- 2. 东华大学 纺织学院,上海;东华大学 纺织科技创新中心,上海
- 折叠
摘要
溢油处理不当会给生态环境和生物健康带来巨大危害,传统的溢油清理方法存在成本高、二次污染等问题.热辅助吸油材料能够实现对高黏度原油的快速吸附.总结热辅助吸油材料的设计策略,包括改善疏水性/亲油性、增强毛细作用力和增加热效应(焦耳加热、光热转换、磁加热),并从热量转换、热传递及溢油吸附机制三方面阐述其吸油机制.热辅助吸油材料主要以商业化海绵和气凝胶为载体,通过蒸馏、挤压、泵吸等方法回收溢油.4 种热辅助吸油材料中:焦耳加热型应在较小电压下快速提升温度以提高安全性;太阳能型存在明显限制,如升温速率较慢、加热均匀度有限、极易受气象条件影响;磁加热型研究得较少,面向实际应用时存在挑战;复合型中太阳能辅助和焦耳加热辅助的结合最为常见.未来,还需提高热辅助吸油材料的热响应能力,以及重复利用性和可回收性.
Abstract
The improper treatment of crude oil will cause great harm to the ecological environment and biological health.Traditional oil spill clean-up methods have problems such as high cost and secondary pollution.Thermal-assisted oil absorption material can achieve rapid adsorption of high-viscosity crude oil.The design strategies of thermally assisted oil absorption materials were summarized,including improving hydrophobicity/lipophilicity,enhancing capillary force and increasing thermal effect(Joule heating,photothermal conversion,magnetic heating).The oil absorption mechanism was elaborated from three aspects,namely,heat conversion,heat transfer and oil spill adsorption mechanism.The materials are mainly commercialized sponges and aerogels as carriers to recover crude oil through distillation,extrusion,pumping,etc.Among the four types of thermally assisted oil absorption materials:Joule-heating type needs rapidly raise the temperature at a small voltage to improve safety;there are obvious limitations in solar-type,such as slow warming rate,limited heating uniformity,and highly susceptible to the influence of meteorological conditions;magnetic-heating type is less studied and has challenges in practical application;the combination of solar-assisted and Joule-heating-assisted is common in the composite type.The thermal responsiveness,reusability and recyclability of thermally assisted oil absorption materials need to improve in the future.
关键词
多孔吸附材料/原油清理/焦耳加热/光热转换/磁加热Key words
porous adsorption material/cleaning of crude oil/joule heating/photothermal conversion/magnetic heating引用本文复制引用
基金项目
中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2232023G-01)
国家自然科学基金(52003045)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据