Objective To investigate the present situation and risk factors of bowel preparation failure in patients undergoing colonoscopy.Methods Total 87 patients undergoing colonoscopy were enrolled as the study participants.All patients were evaluated using Boston bowel preparation scale(BBPS).Univari-ate and Logistic multivariate regression were used to analyze the risk factors of bowel preparation failure in patients undergoing colonoscopy.Results The BBPS scores of 87 patients were 4~8 points,with an av-erage of(6.12±0.65)points,among which 27 cases(31.03%)failed in bowel preparation.Univariate a-nalysis showed that there were significant differences in whether the patients were combined with diabetes mellitus(DM),whether the drug dose was accurate,the frequency of bowel movements after medication,whether the patients had a history of abdominal operation,and whether the diet type was strictly con-trolled(P<0.05).Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that the independent risk factors for bowel preparation failure in patients undergoing colonoscopy included inaccurate drug dose,less than 5 times of bowel movements after medication,combined DM,combined history of abdominal operation,and failure to strictly control diet type(P<0.05).Conclusion The overall poor bowel preparation of pa-tients undergoing colonoscopy,inaccurate drug dose,less than 5 times of bowel movements after medica-tion,combined DM,combined history of abdominal operation,and failure to strictly control diet type are the independent risk factors for bowel preparation failure of patients undergoing colonoscopy.