首页|Systems Neuroengineering: Understanding and Interacting with the Brain

Systems Neuroengineering: Understanding and Interacting with the Brain

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In this paper, we review the current stateof-the-art techniques used for understanding the inner workings of the brain at a systems level.The neural activity that governs our everyday lives involves an intricate coordination of many processes that can be attributed to a variety of brain regions.On the surface, many of these functions can appear to be controlled by specific anatomical structures;however, in reality, numerous dynamic networks within the brain contribute to its function through an interconnected web of neuronal and synaptic pathways.The brain, in its healthy or pathological state, can therefore be best understood by taking a systems-level approach.While numerous neuroengineering technologies exist, we focus here on three major thrusts in the field of systems neuroengineering: neuroimaging, neural interfacing, and neuromodulation.Neuroimaging enables us to delineate the structural and functional organization of the brain, which is key in understanding how the neural system functions in both normal and disease states.Based on such knowledge, devices can be used either to communicate with the neural system, as in neural interface systems, or to modulate brain activity, as in neuromodulation systems.The consideration of these three fields is key to the development and application of neuro-devices.Feedback-based neuro-devices require the ability to sense neural activity (via a neuroimaging modality) through a neural interface (invasive or noninvasive) and ultimately to select a set of stimulation parameters in order to alter neural function via a neuromodulation modality.Systems neuroengineering refers to the use of engineering tools and technologies to image, decode, and modulate the brain in order to comprehend its functions and to repair its dysfunction.Interactions between these fields will help to shape the future of systems neuroengineering-to develop neurotechniques for enhancing the understanding of wholebrain function and dysfunction, and the management of neurological and mental disorders.

systems neuroengineeringneuroimagingneural interfaceneuromodulationneurotechnologybrain-computer interfacebrain-machine interfaceneural stimulation

Bradley J.Edelman、Nessa Johnson、Abbas Sohrabpour、Shanbao Tong、Nitish Thakor、Bin He

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Department of Biomedical Engineering,University of Minnesota,Minneapolis,MN 55455,USA

School of Biomedical Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200030,China

Department of Biomedical Engineering,Johns Hopkins University,Baltimore,MD 21205,USA

SINAPSE institute,National University of Singapore 119077,Singapore

Institute for Engineering in Medicine,University of Minnesota,Minneapolis,MN 55455,USA

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US National Institutes of Health (NIH)US National Institutes of Health (NIH)US National Institutes of Health (NIH)US National Institutes of Health (NIH)US National Institutes of Health (NIH)by the US National Science Foundation (NSF)by the US National Science Foundation (NSF)by the US National Science Foundation (NSF)by the US National Science Foundation (NSF)

EB006433EY023101EB008389HL117664CBET-1450956CBET-1264782DGE-1069104

2015

10.15302/J-ENG-2015078

工程科学(英文版)
中国工程院出版委员会

工程科学(英文版)

影响因子：0.226
ISSN：1672-4178
年,卷(期)：2015.1(3)
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