我国钴资源产业发展现状、问题与对策
Analysis of Development of China's Cobalt Industry:Current Status,Problems and Countermeasures
段俊 1徐刚 1汤中立 1闫海卿 1刘君泰 2陈阳阳 1刘奇1
作者信息
- 1. 长安大学地球科学与资源学院,西安 710054
- 2. 甘肃省地质矿产勘查开发局第二地质矿产勘查院,兰州 730020
- 折叠
摘要
钴金属是新能源行业发展所必需的材料.根据钴资源产业最新数据,本文通过分析全球及我国钴资源禀赋、钴精矿与精炼钴供需情况和钴资源产业政策,得出我国钴资源产业发展存在的问题为:我国钴矿资源极其稀缺,但却是全球第一大精炼钴生产国和消费国;超高的对外依存度叠加不可替代的单一进口来源,使得我国钴资源保障面临重大隐患.针对上述问题,提出下列钴资源保障对策:加强我国钴矿资源有效增储举措;拓展多元化钴资源进口渠道,确保稳定获取境外钴矿资源;实施扶持性政策,帮扶海外中资企业钴资源平稳产出;建立钴资源储备体系,提高钴资源保障能力;提升钴资源综合利用技术水平,增加可利用钴资源量;重视海底铁锰结核(结壳)等潜在钴资源开采方案研究.
Abstract
Cobalt is an essential material for the development of the new energy industry.Based on the latest data regarding the cobalt resource industry of China and worldwide,this study analyzes the challenges faced by the development of China's cobalt resource industry from the aspects of cobalt resource endowment,supply-demand situation of cobalt concentrate and refined cobalt,and industry policy.China is the world's largest producer of refined cobalt and largest consumer of cobalt;however,its cobalt resources are extremely scarce and its ultra-high dependence on foreign countries and single source of imports have put China's cobalt resource security at risk.In response to the above problems,we propose the following countermeasures:(1)adopting effective measures to increase China's cobalt reserves;(2)diversifying cobalt import channels to ensure a stable access to overseas cobalt resources;(3)implementing supportive policies to help China-invested overseas enterprises stabilize their production;(4)establishing a cobalt reserve system to improve the cobalt resource guarantee capacity of China;(5)strengthening the comprehensive utilization technologies to increase the amount of available cobalt resources;and(6)emphasizing research of potential cobalt resources,such as sea-floor cobalt resources in ferromanganese nodules and crusts.
关键词
钴资源/钴精矿/精炼钴/对外依存度/钴产业链Key words
cobalt resources/cobalt concentrate/refined cobalt/external dependence/cobalt industry chain引用本文复制引用
基金项目
中国工程院咨询项目(2022-XY-82)
&&(2023-XY-20)
&&(2022-JB-05)
陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2021JM-157)
陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2023-JC-YB-224)
出版年
2024
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据