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我国城乡多源有机固废资源化利用研究

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城乡多源有机固体废弃物(固废)资源化利用是"无废城市"建设、循环经济发展的重要依托,"双碳"目标的提出也对城乡多源有机固废资源化利用提出了新的更高要求.本文从生活垃圾、污水厂污泥、农业有机固废3个方面出发,梳理了我国城乡多源有机固废资源化利用的基本进展,凝练出城乡多源有机固废资源化利用在总体规划与顶层设计、协作管理与费用机制、技术创新及转化等方面存在的突出问题,提出了以生物处理为核心的多源协同资源化、以热化学处理为核心的多源协同安全处置、多源有机固废集约化/园区化协同处置等关键技术路径.研究建议,系统谋划面向减污降碳双重目标的中长期总体规划和顶层设计,加强多学科交叉与"产学研用"协同以推动关键核心技术创新应用与产业升级,健全制度体系并建立跨部门协作的管理体制和市场化的价格机制,以此纵深推进城乡多源有机固废资源化利用.
Resource Recycling of Multi-source Organic Solid Wastes in Urban and Rural Areas of China
The resource recycling of organic solid wastes in urban and rural areas is crucial for the development of waste-free cities and a circular economy.The carbon peaking and carbon neutralization goals proposed by China also impose new and higher requirements for the resource recycling of these multi-source organic solid wastes in urban and rural areas.This study summarizes the basic progress of the resource recycling of multi-source organic solid wastes in urban and rural areas in China from the perspectives of household wastes,sewage sludge,and agricultural wastes,and identifies the prominent problems in overall planning and top-level design,collaborative management and cost mechanism,as well as technological innovation and transformation.Moreover,it proposes three key technical paths for the resource recycling,including multi-source collaborative recycling centered on biological treatment,multi-source collaborative safe disposal centered on thermochemical treatment,and intensive/park-based collaborative disposal of multi-source organic wastes.Furthermore,the following suggestions are proposed:forming the medium-and long-term overall planning and top-level design for pollution and carbon reduction,strengthening interdisciplinary integration and industry-university-research-application collaboration,and improving the institutional system by establishing a cross-departmental collaborative management system and a market-based pricing mechanism to promote the innovative application of key core technologies and industrial upgrading.

multi-source organic solid wastes in urban and rural areasresource recyclingreduction of pollution and carbon emissionstechnical pathpark planning

杨东海、刘晓光、戴晓虎

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同济大学环境科学与工程学院,上海 200092

城乡多源有机固废 资源化 减污降碳 技术路径 园区化

2024

中国工程科学
中国工程院,高等教育出版社有限公司

中国工程科学

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子:0.737
ISSN:1009-1742
年,卷(期):2024.26(6)