Preclinical and clinical studies on cancer-associated cachexia

D.Brooke Widner ¹D.Clark Files ²Kathryn E.Weaver ³Yusuke Shiozawa¹

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作者信息

1. Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
2. Internal Medicine-Sections in Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Geriatrics and the Critical Illness Injury and Recovery Research Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
3. Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy and Comprehensive Cancer Center of Wake Forest University, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
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Abstract

BACKGROUND:Cancer cachexia is the wasting condition that is often seen in advanced stage cancer patients.This wasting is largely attributable to a systemic and progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass that greatly hinders performance of normal daily activities,resulting in reduced quality of life.Moreover,it negatively influences the prognosis of cancer patients.A general consensus in the field is that the loss of muscle mass is due both to an increase in protein degradation and a decrease in protein synthesis.Recent studies using preclinical models for studying cachexia have been useful in identifying the contribution of inflammatory cytokines (e.g.tumor necrosis factor-α and Intedeukin-6),and myostatin receptors (e.g.the type ⅡB activin receptor) to cachexia development,and have led to several clinical trials.However,many questions remain about the molecular mechanisms thought to play a role in the development of cachexia.METHODS:We conducted a literature search using search engines,such as PubMed and Google Scholar to identify publications within the cancer cachexia field.RESULTS:We summarized our current knowledge of:1) the driving mechanisms of cancer cachexia,2) the preclinical models available for studying the condition,and 3) the findings of recent clinical trials.CONCLUSION:Cancer cachexia is a complex and variable condition that currently has no standard effective therapeutic treatment.Further studies are desperately needed to better understand this condition and develop effective combination treatments for patients.

Key words

cancer cachexia/muscle wasting/bodyweight loss/metabolic changes/increased protein degradation/decreased protein synthesis

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基金项目

This work is directly supported by National Cancer Institute Grants(CA163124)

Department of Defense(W81XWH-14-1-0403)

Department of Defense(W81XWH-17-1-0541)

Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center Internal Pilot Funding (Y.Shiozawa)()

Wake Forest School of Medicine Internal Pilot Funding (Y.Shiozawa)()

Y.Shiozawa is supported as the Translational Research Academy which is supported by the National Center for Advancing Translatio(UL1TR001420)

This work is also supported by the National Cancer Institute's Cancer Center(P30CA012197)

content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Ca()

出版年

2018

生物学前沿

高等教育出版社

生物学前沿

影响因子：0.2

ISSN：1674-7984

被引量1

参考文献量53

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