首页|Preclinical and clinical studies on cancer-associated cachexia

Preclinical and clinical studies on cancer-associated cachexia

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BACKGROUND:Cancer cachexia is the wasting condition that is often seen in advanced stage cancer patients.This wasting is largely attributable to a systemic and progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass that greatly hinders performance of normal daily activities,resulting in reduced quality of life.Moreover,it negatively influences the prognosis of cancer patients.A general consensus in the field is that the loss of muscle mass is due both to an increase in protein degradation and a decrease in protein synthesis.Recent studies using preclinical models for studying cachexia have been useful in identifying the contribution of inflammatory cytokines (e.g.tumor necrosis factor-α and Intedeukin-6),and myostatin receptors (e.g.the type ⅡB activin receptor) to cachexia development,and have led to several clinical trials.However,many questions remain about the molecular mechanisms thought to play a role in the development of cachexia.METHODS:We conducted a literature search using search engines,such as PubMed and Google Scholar to identify publications within the cancer cachexia field.RESULTS:We summarized our current knowledge of:1) the driving mechanisms of cancer cachexia,2) the preclinical models available for studying the condition,and 3) the findings of recent clinical trials.CONCLUSION:Cancer cachexia is a complex and variable condition that currently has no standard effective therapeutic treatment.Further studies are desperately needed to better understand this condition and develop effective combination treatments for patients.

cancer cachexiamuscle wastingbodyweight lossmetabolic changesincreased protein degradationdecreased protein synthesis

D.Brooke Widner、D.Clark Files、Kathryn E.Weaver、Yusuke Shiozawa

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Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA

Internal Medicine-Sections in Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Geriatrics and the Critical Illness Injury and Recovery Research Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA

Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy and Comprehensive Cancer Center of Wake Forest University, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA

This work is directly supported by National Cancer Institute GrantsDepartment of DefenseDepartment of DefenseWake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center Internal Pilot Funding (Y.Shiozawa)Wake Forest School of Medicine Internal Pilot Funding (Y.Shiozawa)Y.Shiozawa is supported as the Translational Research Academy which is supported by the National Center for Advancing TranslatioThis work is also supported by the National Cancer Institute's Cancer Centercontent is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Ca

CA163124W81XWH-14-1-0403W81XWH-17-1-0541UL1TR001420P30CA012197

2018

生物学前沿
高等教育出版社

生物学前沿

影响因子：0.2
ISSN：1674-7984
年,卷(期)：2018.13(1)
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