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自动驾驶车辆乘员晕动关联舒适性研究综述

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自动驾驶车辆的发展与普及极大地提高了交通安全性和通行效率,然而由于当前大多数自动驾驶车辆的决策规划算法和控制策略侧重于考虑安全准则而忽视了驾乘人员的驾驶习惯差异及人机协调准则,在自动驾驶过程可能造成乘员的不适感觉.因此,在保证自动驾驶车辆安全性的同时实现舒适性的优化,特别是解决乘员晕动关联舒适性问题已成为自动驾驶车辆舒适性提升中亟待解决的重要问题.基于此,针对自动驾驶车辆的乘员晕动关联舒适性的防治问题,首先从乘员晕动症内在产生机理和自动驾驶车辆外部运动参数两方面进行晕动致因分析;然后梳理分析了当前晕动关联舒适性研究中常用的主观、客观评估方法和晕动关联舒适性预测方法;最后,结合致因分析结果,从自动驾驶规划控制算法的优化和人机交互功效改善两方面归纳总结了乘员晕动不适的减缓控制策略.针对现有研究存在的局限性,从晕动致因模型的完整性、生理信号采集方式及其有效性、晕动关联舒适性评价标准量化与数据库的建立以及乘员晕动减缓控制策略的进一步优化等方面提出未来展望,这些将为自动驾驶车辆的晕动关联舒适性理论体系的完善和进一步提升提供研究参考.
Review of Motion Sickness-associated Comfort Studies for Occupants in Autonomous Vehicles
The development and popularization of self-driving vehicles have largely improved the traffic safety and efficiency.However,as most of the current decision planning algorithms and control strategies for self-driving vehicles focus on considering the safety criterion while neglecting the differences in driving habits and human-machine coordination criterion of the drivers and passengers,the self-driving process may cause discomfort to the occupants.Therefore,the optimization of comfort while ensuring the safety of self-driving vehicles,particularly the solution of occupant motion sickness-related comfort problems,is an important problem to be solved in the comfort improvement of self-driving vehicles.In this regard,for the prevention and control of occupant motion sickness-associated comfort of automatic-driving vehicles,in this study,the causes of motion sickness were analyzed from the aspects of the intrinsic mechanism of occupant motion sickness and external motion parameters of the automatic-driving vehicles.The commonly used subjective and objective assessment methods in the research of the current motion sickness-associated comfort and prediction methods of motion sickness comfort were then analyzed.Combined with the results of the analysis of the causes of motion sickness,optimization of the planning and control algorithms and optimization of the human-motion-control algorithms were carried out according to results of automatic driving.The control strategies for mitigation of motion sickness are summarized in terms of optimization of planning and control algorithms and improvement in human-computer interaction.In view of the limitations of the existing research,future prospects are proposed in terms of the completeness of the motion sickness causation model,physiological signal acquisition method and its validity,quantification of the motion sickness comfort evaluation standard and establishment of a database,further optimization of the control strategy for mitigation of the motion sickness of the occupants,etc.This can provide research references for an improvement in the theoretical system of motion sickness-related comfort in the self-driving vehicles.

automotive engineeringoccupant motion sicknessreviewcomfortcausation analy-siscontrol strategy

黄晶、刘祥臻、胡林

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湖南大学机械与运载工程学院,湖南长沙 410082

长沙理工大学汽车与机械工程学院,湖南长沙 410114

汽车工程 乘员晕动 综述 舒适性 致因分析 控制策略

国家杰出青年科学基金国家自然科学基金国家自然科学基金

523252115217508852172399

2024

中国公路学报
中国公路学会

中国公路学报

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子:1.607
ISSN:1001-7372
年,卷(期):2024.37(5)
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