首页|横风下公铁两用双层钢桁梁桥中汽车气动特性风洞试验

横风下公铁两用双层钢桁梁桥中汽车气动特性风洞试验

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为了评估车辆在大风中位于双层公铁桁架桥时的行车安全性,采用风洞测试来获取横风作用下双层公铁桁架桥和车辆的相互气动特性.以公铁两用双层桁架和双层客车为研究对象,设计并制作了 1∶50几何缩尺比的桥梁和车辆刚性测压模型,公铁两用双层桥桥上共分布有6个汽车车道,桥内共计2个列车车道和4个汽车车道,中间2个为列车车道,其两侧各有2个汽车车道.通过风洞试验测试了汽车-桥组合工况下车辆表面风压分布,分析了双层桁架桥梁桥内桥面上车道横向距离对汽车气动特性的影响,并进一步分析汽车表面的风压系数分布,以探究汽车气动力系数变化机理.研究结果表明:公铁两用双层桁架梁桥中横向车道距离的改变对汽车的侧向力系数和升力系数均有较大影响,其次是偏转力矩系数和翻滚力矩系数,但对汽车阻力系数和俯仰力矩系数影响较小,且具有一定离散性;由于风-隧道效应,双层桁架桥桥内双层客车的侧力系数总是大于静止在桥面上时双层客车的侧力系数;由于双层客车的偏转力矩是侧力作用的结果,故其变化规律与侧力系数相同;侧力系数主要受迎风侧来流大小决定,桥内客车侧力系数总是大于桥上客车侧力系数;双层客车在桁架桥桥上的升力系数大于桥内升力系数.
Wind Tunnel Test on Aerodynamic Characteristics of Vehicles in Double-deck Highway-railway Steel Truss Bridge Under Crosswind Conditions
To evaluate the safety of the double-deck highway-railway steel truss bridges in strong winds,wind-tunnel tests were used to obtain accurately the mutual aerodynamic characteristics of a double-deck highway-railway truss bridge and vehicle under crosswind conditions.Using the highway-railway double-deck truss and the double-deck bus as the research objects,a rigid pressure model of the bridge and vehicle with a geometric scale ratio of 1∶50 was designed and implemented.The wind pressure distribution on the surface of the vehicle under the vehicle-bridge combination condition was tested based on the wind-tunnel test,and the influence of the lateral distance of the lane on the bridge deck of the double-deck truss bridge on the aerodynamic characteristics of the vehicle was analyzed.Furthermore,the wind pressure coefficient distribution on the vehicular surface was analyzed to explore the mechanism responsible for the changes in the vehicle's aerodynamic coefficient.The results show that the change of lateral lane distance in the double-layer truss bridge has a considerable influence on the side and the lift force coefficients followed by the yawing and the rolling moment coefficients.However,the influences on the drag force coefficients and the pitching moment coefficients of the vehicle are small and have a finite discreteness.Owing to the wind-tunnel effect,the side force coefficients of the double-deck bus in the double-deck truss bridge are always greater than those of a stationary bus on the bridge deck.Because the deflection moment is the result of the yawing moment coefficients,its change rule is the same as that of the side force coefficients.The side force coefficient is mainly determined by the size of the windward side.Moreover,The lift coefficient(CL)of a double-deck passenger car when situated on a truss bridge is greater than its lift coefficient when inside the truss bridge.

bridge engineeringroad-rail truss bridgewind tunnel testcar-bridge systemdoub-le-deck busaerodynamic characteristics

何旭辉、马清、邹云峰、高宿平、梁浩博、郭典易

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中南大学土木工程学院,湖南长沙 410075

桥梁工程 公铁两用桁架桥梁 风洞试验 车-桥系统 双层客车 气动特性

国家杰出青年科学基金国家自然科学基金重点项目中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研发计划川藏铁路高海拔深切峡谷区千米级大跨度悬索桥抗风理论与行车安全防控技术项目

51925808U1934209P2019G002

2024

10.19721/j.cnki.1001-7372.2024.08.003

中国公路学报
中国公路学会

中国公路学报

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：1.607
ISSN：1001-7372
年,卷(期)：2024.37(8)
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