Deformation Characteristics of Modular Three-dimensional GRS Abutment Bearing Test
Owing to the limited width of the front wall,both the front wall and the wing wall are deformed under the upper load.Considering the deformation characteristics only under plane strain conditions is not consistent with the actual engineering situation.Using the actual GRS abutment as the original form,a large-scale load model test was conducted to investigate the pattern of settlement of the top of the reinforced soil abutment,horizontal displacement of the panel,horizontal displacement of the soil,and strain of the reinforcements under 3D conditions and to compare the results with existing calculation methods.The results show that the top settlement value increases approximately linearly with an increase in the load,and the maximum settlement occurs at the bridge seat.The settlement value of the abutment in the service limit state(100 kPa)is less than 1％H.The bearing capacity design in the Federal Highway Administration specifications is relatively conservative.The maximum horizontal displacements of the front and wing walls of the abutment occur in the middle and upper parts of the abutment,and the deformation patterns are basically the same.The calculated results of the deformation correction method considering the three-dimensional effect agree well with the measured results.The maximum strain of the reinforcement along the bridge direction is 1.31％(at 600 kPa),and the potential broken surface is a double broken line.The maximum strain of the transverse bridge reinforcement occurs under the bridge seat.At the same height,the entire bridge exhibits a large middle-to-two-sides decay along the transverse direction.The measured reinforcement tension maximum values agree well with the values calculated using the stiffness method.
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