There are many risk assessment methods for bridge crane,and the technicians have been studying how to use more scientific and effective methods to reflect the real safety status of the crane.According to the structural characteristics of bridge crane,this paper divides the crane system into four units,such as metal structure,main parts,etc.It analyzes the risk level of each unit.The risk level data of each unit is substituted into the Markov chain model,then the risk level of the bridge crane is obtained finally.