Pigging in oil and gas pipelines is a high-risk and high-investment operation.Pigging the oil and gas pipelines can inhibit the corrosion of the inner wall of the pipeline,extend the service life of the pipeline,reduce the friction loss along the pipeline,and improve the efficiency of pipeline transportation.This article introduces the working principles of pig and the characteristics of different pigs.Combined with the requirements of different pipelines on the pig,the risk analysis of the oil and gas pipeline pigging operation is carried out,in order to reduce the risk of pigging,improve the efficiency of the pig,ensure the pigging effect,provide technical guidance for the inspection and implementation of the pigging operation in the oil and gas pipeline,and ensure the safe operation of the pipeline.