论李白先道后佛与道佛融合的生命哲学——联系东晋以来士大夫接受道佛两教的历史背景
Life philosophy integrating Buddhism and Taoism of Li Bai:In the Historical Context of the Reception of Taoism and Buddhism among Literati since the Eastern Jin
钱志熙1
作者信息
摘要
李白与道、佛的关系,是先入道后入佛.这与中国思想史道先释后,尤其是东晋以来士大夫由道教进入佛教的基本背景相关.以南朝时期盛行的门业之说而论,李白的"门业"应属道教,而他少年时期的政治背景也是崇道尚玄的.李白深受玄学的影响,"玄"是其融合佛道的关键性概念.李白在阐释佛教义理时,多使用《庄子》的思想与词语.李白对生命本体的理解,其生命理想或称幻想,有从道教神仙向佛教金仙的发展变化.李白虽然经常将仙、隐、道、佛叠合在一起,但接受了大乘佛教的般若、实相、涅槃思想,其归宿在于"惟佛知慧大而光生死雪".所以,李白生命哲学的最高境地在于佛教.
Abstract
Li Bai's relationship with Taoism and Buddhism followed Taoism and Buddhism followed a pattern of initial Taoist and subsequent Buddhist influences.It was related to the historical context that Bud-dhism appeared after Taoism in China,especially that since the Eastern Jin,literati often engaged in Taoism before they engaged in Buddhism.In terms of"learning heritage",an idea popular during the southern dynas-ties,Li Bai's"learning heritage"belonged to Taoism.In his youth,Taoism and the concept of the"mysteri-ous"held significant value in the political sphere.Deeply influenced by the concept of the"mysterious",he integrated this idea into his synthesis of Buddhism and Taoism.When explaining Buddhist doctrines,Li Bai often employed ideas and words from the Zhuangzi.His understanding of the essence of life and his life ide-als or fantasies evolved from the Taoist immortals to the Buddhist golden immortals.Although Li Bai fre-quently combined immortality,seclusion,Taoism,and Buddhism,as he embraced the concepts of prajñā(wisdom),actual phenomenon,and nirvana from Mahayana Buddhism,he found his spiritual home in"only Buddha's profound wisdom could then illuminate the clouds of life and death."Therefore,the highest realm of Li Bai's life philosophy lies in Buddhism.
关键词
李白/佛教/道教/玄学/生命哲学Key words
Li Bai/Buddhism/Taoism/the learning of the mysterious/life philosophy引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
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