摘要
与汉译"历史"概念相对照,马克思和恩格斯在表述"历史"时有两种德文用法:Geschichte和Historie.通过辨析文本中这两个德文词的使用语境可以看出,马克思、恩格斯经历自身思想的发展,对"历史"得出不同于以往抽象思辨的历史哲学的新认识,认为基于物质实践的历史是一个社会形态不断交替变迁的过程;马克思、恩格斯形成成熟的唯物史观后对"历史"的不同用法,反映出马克思的"历史"蕴含在历史科学中,是在存在的历史性意义中的考察,而恩格斯的"历史"侧重于与辩证唯物主义相对的历史唯物主义的"历史";马克思逝世后,恩格斯以历史唯物主义为基础注重对自然史的阐发和考察,发展了对历史与自然的关系的认识.马克思、恩格斯对于"历史"的理解在总的方面是一致的,但是深入到具体语境的表述会出现细微的差别,而这一差别正是理解"历史科学""历史唯物主义"等概念的关键所在.
Abstract
According to the Chinese concept of"history",it can be found that when Marx and Engels ex-pressed"history",they used two German words:Geschichte and Historie.The history of Marx and Engels based on material practice is a process of continuous alternating changes of social forms.And when Marx and Engels formed historical materialism,they used"Geschichte"and"Historie"in different contexts.Marx and Engels had the same understanding of"history"in general aspect,but there was to be subtle differences in the expression deep into the specific context,which is the key to understanding the concepts of"historical science"and"historical materialism".
NETL
NSTL
万方数据