How Can Technology Enterprises Make Niche Transition with Data Opportunity:A Comparative Case Study Based on Enterprises with Different Entrepreneurial Backgrounds
As a new productive factor,data prompts the continuous emergence of new economic forms,which provides an important opportunity for the niche transition of enterprises.However,compared with the huge potential in data,the practice of enterprises is still immature.Current research has proposed a variety of strategies for enterprises'niche transition.However,due to the lack of in-depth analysis with data,it is not applicable to guide technology enterprises to realize niche transition with data opportunities.The transformation of data from a resource to a competitive advantage essentially reflects the logic of resource orchestration.Current researches have emphasized that resource orchestration is helpful to excavate the value of data,but it is not clear which resource orchestration mechanism can help enterprises solve the dilemma of data application.Therefore,it is necessary to explore new data resource orchestration rules to expand theory and guide practices.Based on two technology enterprises with different entrepreneurial backgrounds,this study explores how to realize niche transition with data opportunities from the perspective of resource orchestration.The research findings are as follows.① Through digital opportunity insight and data resource orchestration,technology enterprises can identify the transition direction,carry out the transition transformation,and finally reach the new niche.② Self-started enterprises realize digital opportunity insight based on the path of"pressure-opportunity-ability",and solve the problem of data resource connection with the help of data resource orchestration based on digital trust relationship.③ The digital opportunity insight of internal incubating enterprises presents the selective path of"demand-opportunity-support",and break through the bottleneck of data value creation through the data resource orchestration with value activation as the core mechanism.④ The above process reflects a new type of resource orchestration logic,that is,enterprises first build the element platform and capability framework which supports the utilization of data resources through conventional resource orchestration,then embed the integration of data resources in the process of capability value through cross-level resource orchestration,and finally release the value of data through the data dilemma solving mechanism.The contributions are as follows.First,it deconstructs the dynamic process of how technology enterprises realizes niche transition with data opportunities,and extends research of niche from the perspective of data.Second,by explaining the data resource orchestration process of technology enterprises with different entrepreneurial backgrounds,it identifies the differentiation mechanism of how enterprises solves the problem of data value creation,reveals the resource orchestration rules under the participation of data elements,and expands the resource orchestration theory based on the new characteristics of data.This paper suggests that technology enterprises need to establish a dynamic concept of ecological competition,and adopt a data resource orchestration model that is compatible with their own capabilities and background.Governments should remove barriers of data flowing and sharing,and give enterprises more legal and policy support when using data to create value.
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