From Human-machine Conflict to Human-machine Integration:The Remodeling of Human-machine Relationship in Manufacturing Enterprises from the Perspective of Knowledge Orchestration
In the traditional business environment,manufacturing enterprises practice the single-subject development mode of"human-oriented and machine-assisted",and lack sufficient attention to human-machine interaction,which leads to a series of human-machine conflict events.In the era of intelligent economy,humans and machines cooperate in work,so that the organizational ecology presents a subversive change of human-machine symbiosis,which has become the key for manufacturing enterprises to shape the new momentum for future development.How to effectively build a harmonious and efficient human-machine relationship and realize the role transformation from a simple auxiliary tool to a deep collaborative partner is not only related to the improvement of production efficiency and enterprise competitiveness,but also has a deeper impact on the evolution of social economic structure,labor market and even the ethical and legal system.Knowledge orchestration provides a suitable theoretical perspective for the research topic of human-machine relationship remodeling in manufacturing enterprises.Existing research shows that knowledge orchestration can effectively integrate and update human-machine heterogeneous knowledge modules,and promote human-machine knowledge sharing and deep coupling.Therefore,this paper focuses on the research question:"How can manufacturing enterprises achieve human-machine integration through knowledge orchestration under the trigger of human-machine conflict events?"This paper tries to solve three sub-problems:① The type and dimension identification of human-machine conflict trigger events in manufacturing enterprises;② The dynamic process and mechanism of the transformation from human-machine conflict to human-machine integration in manufacturing enterprises from the perspective of knowledge orchestration;③ Theoretical analysis of human-machine integration in manufacturing enterprises under the two-agent logic.In order to answer the above questions,this paper selects New Tianjin Steel Group to conduct an exploratory single case analysis,and conducts semi-structured interviews with middle and senior managers and employee representatives of the group and its subsidiaries.The research findings are as follows.Firstly,the type recognition of human-machine conflict can be deconstructed into two dimensions of organizational and industrial dimensions,which jointly trigger enterprises to participate in the interactive process of human-machine relationship remodeling.Secondly,there are different knowledge orchestration mechanisms in different stages of human-machine relationship remodeling.Knowledge orchestration mechanisms in running-in stage are represented by knowledge capture and knowledge decoding.The mechanism of knowledge orchestration at the complementary stage includes knowledge integration and knowledge embedding.The mechanism of knowledge orchestration at the cooperative stage is represented by knowledge reorganization and knowledge renewal.Thirdly,in the era of intelligent economy,the new form of human-machine relationship in enterprises is man-machine integration.Compared with existing research on human-machine relationship,the two-agent logic of"equal importance of human and machine"shows different performance characteristics.The management implications of this paper are as follows.First of all,enterprises should re-understand the key role of knowledge resources in the process of human-machine relationship remodeling,and choose different knowledge orchestration strategies to promote human-machine deep interaction according to their own development.Secondly,companies should reassess the role of people and machines in production,operations,and decision-making.Machines are no longer just auxiliary production tools,but participate in the intelligent transformation of enterprises together with people.Finally,this paper puts forward several policy suggestions,including strengthening the construction of digital innovation system,providing incentives such as tax incentives or subsidies,and selecting typical scenarios in different industries to pilot human-machine collaboration.
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