辽宁省1295名医护人员工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患及影响因素分析
The prevalence and influencing factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among medical staff in Liaoning province
郁文龙 1曾繁鑫 1王忠旭 2白晓鹏 1李斯文 3贾宁 2徐擎 2李刚1
作者信息
- 1. 辽宁省疾病预防控制中心,辽宁沈阳 110172
- 2. 中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所
- 3. 中国医科大学附属口腔医院
- 折叠
摘要
目的 分析辽宁省4家医院医护人员工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患(WMSDs)发生情况及其影响因素.方法 采用横断面调查方法,选择1295名医护人员作为调查对象,采用《北欧肌肉骨骼疾患问卷》(修改版)进行流行病学调查,分析发生WMSDs的影响因素.结果 调查对象全身任一部位WMSDs发生率66.72％.各部位发生率分别为颈部51.81％、肩部41.70％、下背/腰部30.66％、上背部28.96％、腿部19.61％、足/踝部15.52％、膝部14.52％、手/腕部12.90％、肘部5.17％.Logistic回归分析显示,长时间站立工作(OR=1.645,95％CI 1.228～2.205)、工作姿势不舒适(OR=1.954,95％CI 1.423～2.683)、每分钟多次重复性操作(OR=1.520,95％C/1.152～2.005)、颈部长时间保持同一姿势(OR=1.477,95％CI 1.065～2.047)、手腕长时间弯曲(OR=1.487,95％CI 1.120～1.975)、长时间屈膝(OR=1.433,95％CI 1.082～1.899)者发生WMSDs的风险较高.30～＜50岁(参考年龄＜30岁)的研究对象每增加10岁,WMSDs 发病风险增加 63％和 114％,OR(95％CI)分别为 1.630(1.010～2.632)和 2.144(1.263～3.639).身体状况一般、较差、非常差的研究对象,发生WMSDs的风险更高,OR(95％CI)分别为2.766(1.988～3.848)、7.422(4.508～12.221)、7.009(2.298～21.376).结论 医护人员WMSDs发生率较高,主要发生在颈部、肩部和下背/腰部,可采取针对性措施,尽可能减少不良姿势持续作业时间,避免短时间多次重复操作,降低医护人员罹患WMSDs的风险.
Abstract
Objective To analyze the occurrence and influencing factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders(WMSDs)in medical staff.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among the medical staff of 4 hospitals in Liaoning province.The Nordic Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire(modified version)was used to investigate the epidemiological factors of WMSDs.Results The prevalence rate of WMSDs was 66.72％.The prevalence of WMSDs in the whole body was 51.81％in the neck,41.70％in the shoulder,30.66％in the lower back/waist,28.96％in the upper back,19.61％in the leg,15.52％in the ankle,14.52％in the knee,12.90％in the hand/wrist and 5.17％in the elbow.Logistic regression analysis showed that long-term standing work(OR=1.645,95％CI 1.228～2.205),uncomfortable working posture(OR=1.954,95％CI 1.423～2.683),repeated operations per minute(OR=1.520,95％CI 1.152～2.005),the neck remained in the same position for a long time(OR=1.477,95％CI 1.065～2.047),the wrist was bent for a long time(OR=1.487,95％CI 1.120～1.975),the knee was bent for a long time(OR=1.433,95％CI 1.082～1.899)had a higher risk of developing WMSDs.For the subjects of 30～＜50 years old(reference age＜30),the risk of developing WMSDs increased by 63％and 114％for each additional 10 years,the OR and 95％CI were 1.630(1.010～2.632)and 2.144(1.263～3.639).The average,poor,and very poor subjects had a higher risk of WMSDs than those with good health,OR and 95％CI were 2.766(1.988～3.848),7.422(4.508～12.221),and 7.009(2.298～21.376),respectively.Conclusion The incidence of WMSDs in medical staff is high,and the main parts are neck,shoulder and lower back/waist.Targeted measures can be taken to minimize the time of holding the same bad posture and repeated operations in a short time,so as to reduce the risk of WMSDs in medical staff.
关键词
医护人员/工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患(WMSDs)/危险因素/发生率Key words
medical staff/work-related musculoskeletal disorders(WMSDs)/risk factors/incidence引用本文复制引用
基金项目
中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所职业健康风险评估与国家职业卫生标准制定项目(1301031109000160004)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据