Mechanical stimulation plays a critical role in maintaining normal bone morphology,function,and homeostasis.Previous studies have generally considered bone cells to be inactive.However,recent in-depth investigations have revealed that bone cells are the primary mechanosensitive cells within the skeletal system,playing a pivotal role in bone formation and remodeling processes under mechanical stress.Mechanical stimuli not only reduce bone cell apoptosis but also promote their differentiation.Furthermore,mechanically stimulated bone cells regulate the differentiation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts,directly or indirectly,to maintain bone structural integrity and modulate bone homeostasis.This review aims to comprehensively summarize the changes in bone cell behavior under mechanical stress and the molecular mechanisms underlying the crosstalk between osteoblasts and osteoclasts.It aims to provide a theoretical reference for future research on osteoporosis.
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