Hybridity and Independence:The Coordinated Layout of Higher Forms of Vocational Education in Germany
The layout of vocational education at the higher level is related to the integrity of the modern vocational education system and the diversity of the universalization phase of higher education.In Germany,vocational education has a hybrid form and an independent form at the higher level.The former is a vocational-academic hybrid education aimed at granting(initial)vocational qualifications and academic qualifications at the same time,represented by the dual higher education;the latter is the advanced vocational education that focuses on the German advanced vocational qualifications,with a coherent vocational advancement path and a three-level qualification system.Germany hopes to create a"higher vocational education and training"brand by using the title of"professional expert-professional bachelor-professional master".The layout of higher forms of vocational education in Germany can provide reflections on the functional orientation and level division of vocational education for the construction of"vocational education at undergraduate level"in China.
NETL
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