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高校暂缓授予学位行为的法律规制研究

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相较于不授予学位,暂缓授予学位能有效缓释高校与学生间的纠纷.然而该制度在实践中却趋于空转、缺乏自立性逻辑,究其原因在于适用条件不明确、依附不授予学位、难经司法裁判外化,且高校学位管理同质化、平面化严重.借助已公开司法案件进行类型化观察,因学业成绩不达标、学位论文二辩、舞弊作伪、纪律性处分、主修学位待定、学费未清缴等被暂缓授予学位的情形易被忽略,致使其脱逸法规范的规制.那么为平衡高校学术自治权与学生学位获得权的关系,亟需将羁束性暂缓授予学位行为及其义务性程序纳入法律保留范围,同时以比例原则的漏斗型判断规则对其进行合理性审查;还有必要扩充暂缓授予学位的适用领域,明确其实体性与程序性要素;也要构建与先行授予学位行为的衔接机制.
Research on the Legal Regulation of Delaying Degree Confering in Universities
Compared to not confering degrees,the decision of delaying degree confering in universities can alleviate degree disputes between universities and students.However,in practice,the system of delaying degree confering tends to be ineffective,lacking a self-sustaining logic.The main reasons for this include unclear conditions for its application,reliance on not confering degrees,and difficulties in externalizing it through judicial rulings.In addition,the work of degree management at universities is highly homogeneous and flattening.Through typological observation of publicly available judicial cases,situations in which the award of the degree is postponed due to factors such as unsatisfactory academic performance,failure in the dissertation defense,academic fraud,disciplinary sanctions,undecided major degrees,and unpaid tuition fees are often overlooked,resulting in the deviation from legal regulations.In order to reconcile the right to academic autonomy of universities with the right of students to obtain a degree,it is necessary to enshrine the mandatory delaying degree granting and its procedural obligations within the framework of legal reservation,while subjecting them to an appropriate review through a funnel-shaped judgment rule based on the principle of proportionality.It is also necessary to expand the scope of delaying degree confering,clarifying its substantive and procedural elements,and to establish a mechanism for coordinating it with the conferral of the degree in advance.

delaying degree conferingnot confering degreesAcademic Degree Lawconditional actlegal regulation

王晓强

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南京信息工程大学法学与公共管理学院,江苏南京 210044

暂缓授予学位 不授予学位 《学位法》 附条件行为 法律规制

2024

中国高教研究
中国高等教育学会

中国高教研究

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:2.316
ISSN:1004-3667
年,卷(期):2024.(12)