摘要
目的:调查冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(简称冠心病)患者营养标签使用现状,并基于计划行为理论分析其影响因素,以期为后续开展营养标签的干预性研究提供理论依据.方法:采用便利抽样法,于2021年 4月—11月选取长沙市 2 家综合性三级甲等医院的 998 名冠心病住院患者,采用一般资料调查表、基于计划行为理论自行编制的营养标签使用意向量表、营养标签使用行为问卷进行调查,采用多元线性回归分析影响因素.结果:冠心病患者营养标签使用得分为(1.79±0.93)分.行为态度、主观规范、知觉行为控制和行为意向得分分别为(32.24±8.60)、(14.91±4.93)、(34.79±10.28)、(14.17±5.29)分.多元线性回归分析显示,性别、受教育水平、是否合并糖尿病、行为态度、知觉行为控制和行为意向是营养标签使用的影响因素(P均<0.05),可解释总变异的53.8%.结论:冠心病患者营养标签使用水平低,可以基于计划行为理论设计干预措施增强患者的行为态度、知觉行为控制和行为意向,从而提高营养标签的使用.建议对男性、教育水平低、未合并糖尿病的患者给予重点关注.
Abstract
Objective:To investigate the current situation of the use of nutrition labels in patients with Coronary Heart Disease(CHD),and to analyze its influencing factors based on the Theory of Planned Behavior(TPB),in order to provide a theoretical basis for the follow-up intervention research on nutrition labeling.Methods:A total of 998 patients with CHD hospitalized in two comprehensive tertiary grade A hospitals in Changsha were selected by convenience sampling method from April to November 2021,and a survey was carried out by using the general information questionnaire,the Nutrition Label Use Intention Scale and the nutrition label use questionnaire.Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors.Results:The score of nutrition label use in patients with CHD was 1.79±0.93.The scores of behavior attitude,subjective norms,perceptual behavior control and behavior intention were 32.24±8.60,14.91±4.93,34.79±10.28 and 14.17±5.29,respectively.Multivariate linear regression analysis result showed that gender,education level,diabetes,behavioral attitude,perceptual behavior control and behavior intention were influencing factors for the use of nutrition labels(all P<0.05),which explained 53.8%of the total variation.Conclusion:The use of nutrition labels in patients with CHD is low,and interventions can be designed based on TPB to enhance patients'behavioral attitude,perceptual behavior control and behavioral intention,so as to improve the use of nutrition labels.Particular attention should be paid to male,poorly educated,and patients without diabetes.
基金项目
湖南省卫生健康委科研计划课题项目(C2019152)
维普
万方数据