失能老年人及家庭照顾者衰弱与社会支持、自我效能的主客体效应分析
Relationships among social support,self-efficacy,and frailty in disabled older adults and their family caregivers:the actor-partner interdependence analysis
王婧怡 1孔晓倩 1王莉 2江一帆 1刘一萍 1施雁2
作者信息
- 1. 同济大学医学院,200070上海市
- 2. 同济大学附属第十人民医院护理部
- 折叠
摘要
目的:深入剖析失能老年人及家庭照顾者衰弱、社会支持与自我效能的相互关系及作用路径,以期为临床与社区工作者制定赋能干预计划提供依据.方法:便利抽取上海市10个社区共402对失能老年人及家庭照顾者为研究对象,采用基本信息调查问卷、Tilburg衰弱量表、一般自我效能感量表、社会支持评定量表进行调查,并进行相关性分析并建立主客体互倚模型.结果:失能老年人衰弱发生率为92.8％,高于照顾者衰弱发生率(52.5％)(P＜0.05),社会支持水平得分分别为:(32.69±11.55)、(35.54±8.42)分,一般自我效能感得分分别为(23.50±5.63)、(26.14±7.23)分,在主体效应方面,失能老年人及家庭照顾者社会支持水平及自我效能感均能负向影响自身衰弱,在客体效应方面失能老年人社会支持水平与自我效能感在一定程度上影响照顾者衰弱程度,照顾者社会支持水平与自我效能感同样负向影响失能老年人,主客体效应显著.结论:失能老年人与照顾者社会支持水平、自我效能感与衰弱之间存在二元交互作用,提示在未来临床工作中应将二者视为整体,实施二元健康赋能,提升二者自我效能感及社会支持水平以延缓衰弱进程.
Abstract
Objective:To examine the relationships among frailty,social support,and self-efficacy in disabled older individuals and their family caregivers with the objective of providing a foundation for the development of empowerment intervention plans tailored for clinical and community workers.Methods:Based on the actor-partner interdependence model,a convenience sample of 402 disabled older adults-caregiver dyads from 10 communities in Shanghai were surveyed using a general information questionnaire,the Tilburg Frailty Indicator,the General Self-Efficacy Scale,and the Social Support Rating Scale.Correlational analyses were conducted and an actor-partner interdependence model was established.Results:The incidence of frailty among the disabled older adults was 92.8％,significantly higher than the 52.5％incidence among caregivers(P＜0.05).The social support scores were(32.69±11.55)for the older adults and(35.54±8.42)for the caregivers.The general self-efficacy scores were(23.50±5.63)and(26.14±7.23)for older adults and their caregivers respectively.Regarding the subject effect,both social support and self-efficacy in disabled older adults and their caregivers had negative impacts on their own frailty levels.As for the object effect,the social support level and self efficacy among disabled older adults moderately influenced the caregiver's frailty,while the caregiver's social support and self-efficacy similarly had negative impacts on disabled older adutls.Significant subject-object effects were observed.Conclusion:The study shows bidirectional interactions among social support,self-efficacy,and frailty in disabled older adults and their caregivers,suggesting that disabled older adults and their caregivers should be considered as a whole.The implementation of dual health empowerment is vital to enhance self-efficacy and social support for both parties to decelerate the progression of frailty.
关键词
失能老年人/家庭照顾者/衰弱/主客体互倚模型/社会支持/自我效能感Key words
disabled elderly/family caregivers/frailty/actor-partner interdependence model/social support/self-efficacy引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据