The frequent fire accidents involving the transportation of new energy vehicles on ro-ro ships have drawn much concem from the International Maritime Organization(IMO).IMO member States have submitted multiple proposals regarding the reduction of fire risks in the transportation of new energy vehicles by ro-ro ships.This article conducts an analysis of such proposals and the combustion hazards of new energy vehicles primarily powered by lithium batteries,discusses the shortcomings of the existing fire protection measures on ro-ro ships and proposes measures to reduce the fire risks in the transportation of new energy vehicles.