Objective To explore the relationship between vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)levels and epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)gene mutations in pleural effusion with the pathological characteristics and efficacy of targeted treatment in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)patients.Methods A total of 100 NSCLC patients treated in our hospital from Jan 2021 to Jan 2024 were selected for analysis of VEGF levels and EGFR gene mutations in pleural effusion among patients with different clinical pathological characteristics.According to the treatment plan,EGFR gene mutation patients were divided into a targeted therapy group(n=24)and a conventional chemotherapy group(n=22)to assess efficacy differences in treatment.At the same time,the differences in VEGF levels in pleural effusion of patients with different therapeutic effects in the targeted therapy group were analyzed.Results The VEGF level in pleural effusion of patients with poorly differentiated was significantly higher than that of patients with moderately to highly differentiated(P<0.05).The VEGF level in pleural effusion of TNM stageⅢ～Ⅳpatients was significantly higher than that of stageⅠ～Ⅱ patients(P<0.05).The VEGF level in pleural effusion of patients with lymph node metastasis was significantly higher than that of patients without lymph node metastasis(P<0.05).The EGFR gene mutation rate in pleural effusion of female,non-smoking and adenocarcinoma patients was higher than that of male,smoking,and non adenocarcinoma patients(P<0.05).The efficacy effect of the targeted therapy group was better than that of the conventional chemotherapy group(P<0.05),and the objective response rate(ORR)of the targeted therapy group was higher than that of the conventional chemotherapy group,but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).The VEGF level in pleural effusion of partially relieved(PR)patients in the targeted therapy group was significantly lower than that of non PR patients(P<0.05).Conclusion VEGF levels in pleural effusion is related to the degree of differentiation,TNM stage and lymph node metastasis of NSCLC patients,while EGFR gene mutations are associated with gender,smoking and pathological type.For patients with EGFR gene mutations,targeted therapy is significantly more effective than conventional chemotherapy.The efficacy of targeted therapy may be related to VEGF levels in pleural effusion.
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