摘要
光作为生命活动最重要的外部环境因素之一,调控一系列生理活动.哺乳动物主要通过视网膜上的 3 种感光细胞——视锥细胞、视杆细胞和视网膜自感光神经节细胞(ipRGCs)感知环境光.其中,ipRGCs对蓝光特别敏感,可以调控节律、睡眠、代谢稳态、情绪、发育与高级认知等.综述ipRGCs的发现过程、分类以及向大脑的投射,重点介绍ipRGCs通过皮层下环路调控全身生理功能的研究进展,包括昼夜节律和睡眠、代谢稳态、情绪、发育和学习记忆以及瞳孔对光的反射.未来需要进一步阐明ipRGCs介导的生理病理功能及其背后的神经环路机制,不仅有助于理解生物体如何适应光环境,而且为相关疾病的防治提供新思路.
Abstract
Light,as one of the most important external environmental factors,regulates a series of physiological activities.Mammals perceive environmental light mainly through three types of photoreceptor cells in the retina:cone cells,rod cells,and intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells(ipRGCs).Among them,ipRGCs are particularly sensitive to blue light and can regulate circadian rhythms,sleep,metabolic homeostasis,mood,development,and higher cognitive functions.This paper reviews the discovery process,classification,and projections of ipRGCs to the brain.It focuses on the research progress of ipRGCs in regulating whole-body physiological functions through subcortical circuits,including circadian rhythms and sleep,metabolic homeostasis,mood,brain development and learning and memory,and the pupillary light reflex.Future research needs to further elucidate the physiological and pathological functions mediated by ipRGCs and the underlying neural circuit mechanisms,which will not only help understand how organisms adapt to the light environment but also provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of related diseases.
基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFA0112200)
中国科学院优秀青年团队项目(YSBR-013)
中国科学院优秀青年团队项目(YSBR-097)
中国科学院优先研究计划项目(XDB39050300)
国家自然科学基金项目(32241010)
国家自然科学基金项目(32121002)
国家自然科学基金项目(81925009)
博士后创新人才计划(BX20230342)
NETL
NSTL
万方数据