Fundamental Study on Noninvasive Phototherapy Intervention of Gouty Arthritis with 630 nm LED
Objective To investigate the impact of the noninvasive phototherapy with 630 nm narrowband LED on gouty arthritis in rats. Methods Totally 24 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups:control,gout and light group,8 rats in each group.The rats in the control group were given standard feeding and a normal saline injection in the right ankle.Given no light therapy,the rates in the gouty group were induced with gouty arthritis by injecting sodium urate suspension into their right ankles.Upon gout induction,the rats in the light group were given the noninvasive phototherapy with 630 nm LED(power density:10 mW/cm2)for an hour per day,which lasted for 15 days in total.The daily assessments for the rats included joint inflammation scoring,swelling measurement,von frey filaments testing for foot retraction threshold and evaluation of mechanical tenderness.Blood samples were collected for all the rats from the tail vein at various time points(1d,3d,7 d,11d and 15 d)for ELISA analysis of serum IL-1β and TNF-α inflammatory factors during the acute inflammatory phase.Results(1)Model evaluation:4h after the injection,the joint redness and swelling,inflammation score and swelling degree were greater in the gout group and phototherapy group than in the control group(P＜0.05),and behavioral disorder level,gait score and von frey threshold higher in the gout group and phototherapy group(P＜0.05),indicating a successful modeling.There was no statistical difference in each index(P＞0.05).(2)Inflammatory appearance changes:On the first day after the modeling,the inflammation scores and swelling degrees in the gout group and phototherapy group were(5.38±0.7)and(4.56±0.5),and(27.1±1.1)％and(21.5±1.2)％respectively,and the differences between the two groups were significant(P＜0.05).In the gout group,the inflammation score on the 10th day after the modeling and the swelling degree on the 12th day were not remarkably different from those before the modeling(P＞0.05).For the phototherapy group,the inflammation score and swelling degree on the 8th day after the modeling were also not much different from those before the modeling(P＞0.05).(3)Behavioral changes:On the first day after the modeling,the gait scores and threshold of foot retraction of the gout group and phototherapy group were(5.63±0.7)and(4.15±0.8),and(0.94±0.6)g and(1.98±1.0)g respectively,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).In the gout group,the gait score and swelling recovered to the level before the modeling on the 6th and 8th day after the modeling respectively,and the differences between the gout group and control group were not significant(P＞0.05).For the phototherapy group,the gait score and swelling recovered to the level before the modeling on the 6th and 9th day after the modeling respectively,and the differences between the phototherapy group and control group were not significant(P＞0.05).(4)Results of inflammatory factors:On the 1st day after the modeling,the IL-1β and TNF-α levels were much higher in the gout group and phototherapy group than in the control group on the 1st day after the modeling(P＜0.05),and the IL-1β and TNF-α levels much lower in the phototherapy group than in the gout group(P＜0.05).On the 7th day after the modeling,the IL-1β and TNF-α levels of the photography group recovered to the normal levels.Conclusions Noninvasive phototherapy is effective in reducing swelling and alleviating pain in rats with gouty arthritis.Being non-invasive,non-toxic,straightforward and safe,it is a promising and efficacious approach for managing gouty arthritis.
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