Antigenicity and hemagglutinin gene characteristics of A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza viruses that circulated in Guizhou province during the 2022-2023 influenza season
Objective To explore antigenicity and characteristics of hemagglutinin(HA)genes from A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza viruses that circulated in Guizhou province.Methods We obtained A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza viruses isolated from patients during October 2022 to March 2023 at influenza monitoring points of Guizhou.We assessed antigenicity using the red blood cell agglutination inhibition test,sequenced entire HA genomes and constructed a phylogenetic tree,and analyzed nucleotide homology and amino acid variation.Results A total of 78 A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza viruses were obtained and identified as vaccine-like strains.Entire HA genome sequences of 22 viruses had nucleotide homologies of 97.28％-99.14％compared with the vaccine strain;19 and 3 strains belonged to 6B.1A.5a.2a and 6B.1A.5a phylogenetic branches,respectively.Nineteen strains had A186T and Q189E amino acid substitutions in the Sb antigenic determinant of one determinant cluster and 3 strains had K156N and İ161L substitutions in the Sa antigenic determinants of one determinant cluster.Nineteen strains had A186T and Q189E substitutions at the helix 190(184-191)and E224A substitution at the ring 220 and 3 strains had D222Y substitution at the ring 220 in the HA1 region.No glycosylation site variation was found.Conclusions The A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza virus isolated in Guizhou in the 2022-2023 influenza season matched with vaccine strains,but with some amino acid variation.We should strengthen monitoring and analysis of antigenicity and gene sequences of influenza viruses to optimize influenza prevention and control strategies and screen for vaccine strains.
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