Poliomyelitis is an acute infectious disease caused by poliovirus infection that seriously damages children's health.Poliomyelitis is not curable and lacks specific antiviral treatments.Vaccination is the most economical and effective method to prevent and control polio;the World Health Assembly launched the Global Polio Eradication Initiative in 1988.In this article,we describe the current status of polio epidemics and explore progress and challenges in global polio eradication strategies and actions to provide reference for sustainably maintaining polio-free status in China.