Effectiveness of rotavirus vaccination against rotavirus infection and clinical symptoms among＜5-year-old children hospitalized for diarrhea:a test-negative design case-control study
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万方数据
维普
目的 评价轮状病毒(Rotavirus,RV)疫苗接种对＜5岁腹泻住院儿童RV感染的保护效果(Vaccine effectiveness,VE)和对RV阳性腹泻住院儿童临床症状的影响.方法 2022年3月-2023年9月在陕西省某儿童医院招募＜5岁腹泻住院儿童开展检测阴性设计病例对照研究,检测儿童RV抗原并收集RV疫苗接种史,采用Logistic回归模型分析RV疫苗的VE以及RV疫苗接种与RV阳性住院儿童临床症状关联性.结果 在RV检测阳性和阴性的＜5岁腹泻住院儿童中,RV疫苗接种比例分别为18.24％(31/170)和30.52％(152/498);RV疫苗接种对＜5岁RV腹泻住院儿童RV感染的调整VE(95％CI)为56.2％(31.5％-72.0％),其中对非重症、重症的调整VE分别为44.4％(3.3％-68.1％)、68.6％(31.3％-85.6％).在RV检测阳性儿童中,接种RV疫苗比例在不同呕吐天数(≥2 d vs＜2 d)和呕吐次数(≥2次v＜2次)之间具有显著性差异(调整OR=0.39,95％CI:0.17-0.92;调整OR=0.28,95％CI:0.08-0.95).结论 接种RV疫苗对＜5岁腹泻住院儿童RV感染具有较好的保护效果并可减轻临床严重程度;适龄儿童需尽早接种RV疫苗.
Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of rotavirus(RV)vaccination against RV infection among＜5-year-old children hospitalized for diarrhea and the impact of RV vaccination on clinical symptoms.Methods We enrolled＜5-year-old children who were hospitalized for diarrhea in a children's hospital of Shaanxi province between March 2022 and September 2023 for a test-negative design case-control study.We tested for RV antigen and collected RV vaccination history to estimate vaccine effectiveness(VE)and association between RV vaccination and clinical symptoms of RV-positive hospitalized children using a logistic regression model.Results In RV-positive and RV-negative children hospitalized for diarrhea,18.24％(31/170)and 30.52％(152/498)had received RV vaccine,respectively.The adjusted VE(95％CI)against RV infection was 56.2％(31.5％-72.0％),with 44.4％(3.3％-68.1％)VE against non-severe diarrhea and 68.6％(31.3％-85.6％)VE against severe diarrhea.RV vaccination rates were significantly different in children with diarrhea lasting ≥2 vs＜2 days and vomiting ≥2 vs＜2 times(adjusted OR=0.39,95％CI:0.17-0.92;adjusted OR=0.28,95％CI:0.08-0.95).Conclusions RV vaccination significantly protected＜5-year-old children hospitalized for diarrhea against RV infection and alleviated clinical symptom.We suggest RV vaccination for age-eligible children as early as possible.
Rotavirus vaccineDiarrheaHospitalizationVaccine effectivenessTest-negative designCase-control study
万方数据
维普
