目的 分析呼和浩特市新生儿首剂次乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗(Birth dose of hepatitis B vaccine,HepB1)未及时接种的影响因素.方法 采用病例对照研究设计,从内蒙古免疫规划信息系统中随机选取呼和浩特市2021年出生的未及时和及时接种HepB1儿童开展家长问卷调查,分析未及时接种的影响因素,计算比值比(Odds ratio,OR)及其95％置信区间(Confidence interval,CI).结果 本研究分别纳入未及时、及时接种HepB1儿童664例、699例.多因素Logistic回归分析显示,低出生体重、早产、出生时黄疸、出生时患其他疾病和母亲分娩年龄≥35岁增加了新生儿未及时接种 HepB1的风险[OR(95％CI):169.13(62.94-454.46)、139.96(64.31-304.61)、5.16(2.90-9.15)、950.40(223.68-4 038.16)、1.87(1.09-3.20)],母亲分娩前乙肝表面抗原阳性、家长知晓儿童出生后24 h内需接种HepB1降低了未及时接种风险[OR(95％CI):0.10(0.04-0.25)、0.50(0.29-0.85)].结论 呼和浩特市新生儿未及时接种HepB1主要受出生时健康状态和家长对HepB1及时接种认知的影响;需加强接种人员疫苗接种禁忌证相关培训和家长乙肝防治健康教育.
Factors influencing non-timely hepatitis B vaccine birth dose administration among children born in 2021:a case-control study in Hohhot city
Objective To identify factors influencing non-timely hepatitis B vaccine birth dose(HepB1)administration in Hohhot city.Methods We used a case-control study design and selected a random sample of children born in 2021 who received non-timely or timely HepB1 vaccination from the Inner Mongolia Immunization Program Information System.We conducted a questionnaire-based survey of parents of the children and determined factors influencing non-timely vaccination by computing odds ratios(OR)and 95％confidence intervals(CI).Results The study included 664 and 699 children who received non-timely and timely HepB1 vaccination,respectively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of non-timely vaccination was high among children who had low birth weight,who were premature,who had neonatal jaundice,who had other neonatal conditions,and whose mothers'delivery ages were over 35 years[OR(95％CI):169.13(62.94-454.46),139.96(64.31-304.61),5.16(2.90-9.15),950.40(223.68-4 038.16),and 1.87(1.09-3.20)]and was low among children whose mothers were positive to hepatitis B surface antigen before delivery and whose parents were aware of the need for HepB1vaccination within 24 hours of birth[OR(95％CI):0.10(0.04-0.25)and 0.50(0.29-0.85)].Conclusions Non-timely HepB1 vaccination in Hohhot was influenced by health status at birth and parent attitudes to timely HepB1 vaccination.We should enhance training on vaccine contraindications for vaccination staff and health education on hepatitis B prevention and control for parents.
Hepatitis B vaccineNon-timely vaccinationInfluencing factor
万方数据
维普
