蒙古族地区在校学生月经模式的调查分析
Analysis of the menstruation pattern of female students in Mongolian area
宋阳光 1许芮豪 1邓国艳 2胡那顺 2许玉萍 2斯琴其木格 2呼格吉乐图 3包金花 3杨硕 1孙立文 1张斌 1王尚明 1张树成 1吴尚纯1
作者信息
- 1. 国家卫生健康委科学技术研究所(北京,100081)
- 2. 内蒙古自治区通辽市妇产医院
- 3. 内蒙古民族大学附属医院
- 折叠
摘要
目的:调查我国蒙古族地区在校女生月经初潮和月经模式相关情况.方法:通过横断面整群抽样调查方法,在统一规范标准下,于2013-2018年在内蒙古通辽地区对在校女生进行问卷和一对一当面问询调查.结果:调查完成4052人(汉族1872人,蒙古族2180人)女生,调查成功率97.1％.月经初潮年龄为(12.9±1.1)岁,汉族(12.8±1.1)岁,蒙古族(12.9±1.1)岁,两者有统计学差异(t=4.30,P=0.000).次经(初潮后第2次月经)发生在初潮后1、2、4、6个月内者累积率分别为65.8％、82.1％、92.9％、97.7％.月经进入稳定状态在初潮后1、2、4、6个月内累积率分别为5.0％、15.0％、50.1％、94.9％,农村女生更早进入月经稳定状态(x2=21.49,P=0.001).月经周期正常者占72.2％,汉族和蒙古族有统计学差异(x2=4.05,P=0.044).经期4～7d者占81.1％,经量表现为少、较少、一般、较多和多分别占4.7％、7.9％、69.1％、10.7％和7.6％.大部分女生均会出现痛经症状,随月经发生时间延长逐渐增多(52.5％～84.1％);痛经程度轻度占72.1％(轻微47.3％,一般24.7％),中度占26.5％,重者占1.5％,在城镇与农村间具有统计学差异(x2=20.52,P=0.000).结论:蒙古族地区在校女生月经初潮年龄汉族早于蒙古族,初潮后农村女生更早进入月经稳定状态,汉族女生与蒙古族女生月经周期有差异,大部分女生有痛经,程度较轻,城镇与农村间差异明显.
Abstract
Objective:To investigate the menarche and the menstruation patterns of female students in Mongolian areas of China.Methods:Cross-sectional cluster sampling was used to investigate the menstruation pattern of the female students in Tongliao from 2013 to 2018 by one-to-one and face-to-face interviews under the unified standard.Results:A total of 4052 female students(1872 Han nationality and 2180 Mongolian nationality)were investigated,with a suc-cess rate of 97.1％.The mean age of the menarche of the female students was 12.9±1.1 years old,and which of the Han and Mongolian female students were 12.8±1.1 years old and 12.9±1.1 years old.There was significant difference in the mean age of menarche between the Han female students and the Mongolian female students(t=4.30,P=0.000).The incidences of the second menstrual period of the female students within 1,2,4 and 6 months after menar-che were 65.8％,82.1％,92.9％and 97.7％,respectively.The cumulative rates of the menstruation stable state of the female students within 1,2,4 and 6 months after menarche were 65.8％,82.1％,92.9％and 97.7％,respectively.The time of the menstruation stable state of the female students from rural area was significantly earlier than that of the female students from urban area(x2=21.49,P=0.001).The proportion of the female students with normal men-strual cycle was 72.2％,and which had significant difference of the female students between Han nationality and Mon-golian nationality(X2=4.05,P=0.044).The proportion of the menstrual period of 4-7 days of the female students ac-counted for 81.1％.The proportions of the little,less,average,more and much more menstrual volume of the female students were 4.7％,7.9％,69.1％,10.7％and 7.6％,respectively.Most female students had dysmenorrhea,and the rate of the dysmenorrhea of female students had increased gradually with their prolong menstruation(52.5％-84.1％).The dysmenorrhea degree of the female students included the mild dysmenorrhea of 72.1％(the slight dysmenorrhea of 47.3％and the general dysmenorrhea of 24.7％),the moderate dysmenorrhea of 26.5％and the severe dysmenorrhea of 1.5％,and there was significant difference in the dysmenorrhea degree of the female students between the urban area and the rural area(X2=20.52,P=0.000).Conclusion:The menarche age of the Han female students is earlier than that of the Mongolian female students in Mongolian areas.The female students from rural areas enter the menstrual stable state after menarche early.There are differences in the menstrual cycle between the Han female students and the Mongolian female students.Most female students have dysmenorrhea,but their dysmenorrhea degree is mild.There is significant difference in the dysmenorrhea degree of the female students the between the urban area and the rural area.
关键词
月经模式/月经初潮/青春期/女生/月经紊乱/痛经Key words
Menstrual patterns/Menarche/Puberty/Female student/Menstrual disorder/Dysmenorrhea引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家科技基础性工作专项(2013FY110500)
国家科技基础性工作专项(2006FY230400)
国家科技基础性工作专项(2003DEB5J047)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据