Expression and significance of DJ-1/stable nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 in the oxidative stress of the spermat-ogenic cells of patients with asthenozoospermia related to varicocele
Objective:To investigate the expression and significance of the protein DJ-1/stable nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(DJ-1/Nrf2)in oxidative stress of the spermatogenic cells of patients with asthenozoospermia related to varicocele.Methods:The clinical data of 120 male patients diagnosed with asthenozoospermia related to varicocele ad-mitted to the hospital from December 2021 to December 2023 were collected in this study,and 60 newly diagnosed pa-tients were included in group A,60 patients who had received treatment of vitamin C combined with vitamin E for 3 months were included in group B.40 healthy males who underwent premarital health examination were collected in group C during the same time.The morphology of the semen germ cells,the levels of protein and mRNA of DJ-1 and Nrf2 of the spermatogenic cells in seminal fluid,the levels of oxidative stress indexes,such as superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH Px)in peripheral blood,and the levels of DJ-1 and Nrf2 of the males in the three groups were detected.Results:There were no significant differences in the age,the body mass index,the semen volume and the sperm tail malformation rate of the males among the three groups(P＞0.05).The rate of the normal sperm morphology of the males in group C,group B and group A had decreased gradually,and the rates of the sperm head malformation,the sperm body malformation and the sperm head malformation combined the sperm body malformation of the males in group C,group B and group A had increased gradually.The DJ-1 level of the spermatogenic cells of the males in group C,group B and group A were 0.35±0.11,0.71±0.16 and 0.89±0.12,respectively,and which had increased gradually.The Nrf2 protein level of the spermatogenic cells of the males in group C,group B and group A were 0.31±0.09,0.62±0.14 and 0.78±0.13,respectively,and which had increased gradual-ly.The levels of MDA,DJ-1 and Nrf2 of the males in group C,group B and group A had increased gradually.The lev-els of SOD and GSH-Px of the males in group C,group B and group A had decreased gradually(all P＜0.05).Conclu-sion:Activating the DJ-1/Nrf2 pathway may help to enhance the antioxidant capacity of the spermatogenic cells of the patients with asthenozoospermia related to varicocele,and which can protect the spermatogenic cells from damage caused by oxidative stress.The DJ-1/Nrf2 pathway might be a potential molecular target for treating the asthenozo-ospermia related to varicocele.
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