Situation and related factors of visual impairment among primary and secondary school students in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,2019-2021
Objective To analyze current situation and related factors of visual impairment among students in In-ner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2019 to 2021,and to provide scientific basis for formulating strategies and measures for preventing and treating myopia among students.Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select primary and secondary school students from 12 league cities in 2019,2020,and 2021.A standard logarithmic visual acuity chart(5m)was used for visual acuity testing,and a desktop electronic brain optometer was used for eye refractive index tes-ting.SPSS 24.0 was used to analyze the data,Chi-square test was used to analyze the differences in myopia rates and visual impairment detection rates among different groups,and binary logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the associated factors of visual impairment.Results From 2019 to 2021,a total of 149 296 students were surveyed in 2019,109 222 students surveyed in 2020,and 167 684 students surveyed in 2021.Overall,the proportions of people with normal naked eye vision and mild visual impairment decreased,while the proportions of people with moderate and severe visual impairment increased.The rates of visual impairment were 64.06％in 2019,65.61％in 2020,65.37％in 2021,respectively,and the differences were statistically significant(x2=85.711,P＜0.01).The rates of myopia were 50.10％in 2019,52.98％in 2020,52.94％in 2021,respectively.The rates of high myopia were 4.22％in 2019,4.26％in 2020,4.29％in 2021,respectively.It was found that the detection rate of visual impairment of students in economically underdeveloped areas(65.82％)was higher than that in economically developed areas(64.87％)(x2=55.389),also urban areas(67.75％)higher than rural areas(63.98％)(x2=517.917),and girls(68.99％)higher than boys(61.13％)(x2=2893.473)(all P＜0.01).Except for the second grade students in 2019 and 2020,the detection rates of visual impairment among students in all other grades increased with grade(P＜0.01).Binary logistic regression analysis showed that compared with other students,adjusting the height of desks and chairs according to student'height(OR=0.909,95％CI:0.888-0.931),doing eye exercises in school(OR=0.775,95％CI:0.741-0.810),doing outdoor activities during break(OR=0.834,95％CI:0.814-0.853),having rest after closed eye use for half an hour(OR=0.890,95％CI:0.870-0.911),having more than 2 hours of outdoor activities in the past week(OR=0.921,95％CI:0.900-0.943),and having enough sleep time(OR=0.886,95％CI:0.861-0.911)(all P＜0.01)were negative with visual impair-ment.Doing reading and writing homework after school for more than 2 hours(OR=1.262,95％CI:1.233-1.292),participation in cram school for more than 2 hours(OR=1.053,95％CI:1.026-1.080),daily use of mobile electronic devices(OR=1.069,95％CI:1.042-1.097),reading books or seeing electronic screens in direct sunlight(OR=1.083,95％CI:1.053-1.113),lying or lying on the stomach reading or electronic screen(OR=1.032,95％CI:1.002-1.062),reading or seeing electronic screen while walking or riding in a car(OR=1.044,95％CI:1.014-1.075),one or both parents having myopia(OR=1.890,95％CI:1.843-1.938)were positive with poor visual(all P＜0.01).Conclusion The rates of poor vision and myopia among primary and secondary school students in Inner Mongo-lia Autonomous Region is still relatively high.Targeted measures should be taken for key populations(such as preschool students and girls)and key areas(such as Ulanqab City)to effectively control the occurrence and development of poor vi-sion among students.
MyopiaVisual impairmentPrimary and middle school students
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
