Research progress on the effects of air pollution exposure on myopia in children and adolescents
Myopia has emerged as a significant public health concern worldwide.At present,the prevalence of myo-pia among children and adolescents in China has been increasing year by year,and shows a trend of high incidence and low ageing.Adopting effective public health means to reduce the prevalence of myopia among children and adolescents is a necessary way to realize the"Healthy China 2030"blueprint.Most studies have shown that environmental factors are the main factors af-fecting the occurrence and development of myopia in children and adolescents.As an environmental factor that can be improved and reduced in short term,the role of air pollution in the occurrence of myopia in children and adolescents has been widely concerned.This study reviews the current status of air pollution exposure in children and adolescents at home and abroad,the evidence of the association between air pollutants and myopia,and the biological mechanism of air pollutants affecting myopia through allergic inflammation,retinal ischemia,and dopamine pathways.This review can provide a theoretical basis for reduc-ing air pollution and preventing and controlling the occurrence and development of myopia in children and adolescents.
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