摘要
目的 探索影响医务人员开展医院健康教育的因素,为完善医疗机构健康教育激励政策提供参考.方法 2023年5-6月通过多阶段整群随机抽取北京市医疗机构人员,并开展横断面调查.描述性分析医务人员的基本人口学特征、健康教育指标;并采取x2检验比较不同特征人群及各因素下开展健康教育的组间差异;采用二分类Logistic回归分析探讨特征、能力、机会和动机对健康教育行为的影响.结果 本研究共纳入医务人员2563 名,其中医生 1054 人,护士 1509 人.Logistic 回归分析显示,年龄(OR=1.294,95％CI:1.151～1.455)、文化程度(OR=1.193,95％CI:1.019～1.397)、技术职称(OR=1.311,95％CI:1.123～1.531)、经费支持(OR=1.233,95％CI:1.111～1.368)和绩效考核制度建设(OR=1.330,95％CI:1.178～1.502)为门诊健康教育的保护因素,个人月均收入(OR=0.755,95％CI:0.658～0.866)、医疗机构级别(OR=0.682,95％CI:0.615～0.756)和材料支持(OR=0.853,95％CI:0.734～0.992)为门诊健康教育的危险因素;医疗机构级别(O R=3.060,95％CI:2.739～3.418)和文化环境支持(OR=1.712,95％CI:1.497～1.957)为住院健康教育的保护因素,个人月均收入(OR=0.800,95％CI:0.698～0.916)为住院健康教育的危险因素.结论 年龄、文化程度、个人月均收入、技术职称、所属医疗机构级别、经费支持、材料支持、文化环境支持和绩效考核制度建设为医务人员开展医院健康教育的影响因素.应定期开展健康教育能力提升,加强人员的健康教育知识与经验;同时,要为健康教育提供健全的反馈机制,鼓励医务人员将健康教育作为临床实践的一部分.
Abstract
Objective To explore the factors influencing medical staff to carry out health education in hospitals and to provide reference for improving health education incentive policies in medical institutions.Methods The personnel of medical institutions in Beijing were randomly selected by multi-stage whole group in May-June 2023,and a cross-sectional survey was conducted.The basic demographic characteristics and health education indicators of medical personnel were ana-lyzed descriptively;and thex2test was adopted to compare the between-group differences in carrying out health education under different characteristics and factors;binary logistic regression analysis was used to explore the effects of characteris-tics,abilities,opportunities,and motivations on health education behaviors.Results A total of 2563 medical personnel were included in this study,including 1054 doctors and 1509 nurses.The dichotomous Logistic regression analysis showed that age(OR=1.294,95％CI:1.151-1.455),literacy(OR=1.193,95％CI:1.019-1.397),title(OR=1.311,95％CI:1.123-1.531),financial support(OR=1.233,95％CI:1.111-1.368)and performance appraisal system construction(OR=1.330,95％CI:1.178-1.502)were protect factors for outpatient health education,and av-erage monthly income of individuals(OR=0.755,95％CI:0.658-0.866),level of medical institutions(OR=0.682,95％CI:0.615-0.756)and material support(OR=0.853,95％CI:0.734-0.992)were risk factors for outpatient health education;the level of medical institutions(OR=3.060,95％CI:2.739-3.418)and support of the cultural en-vironment(OR=1.712,95％CI:1.497-1.957)were protect factors for inpatient health education,and average month-ly income of individuals(OR=0.800,95％CI:0.698-0.916)was a negative inpatient health education Fac-tors.Conclusion Age,cultural level,average monthly personal income,technical title,level of the medical institution to which they belong,financial support,material support,cultural environment support and performance appraisal system con-struction are the influencing factors for medical personnel to carry out health education in hospitals.Health education capacity enhancement should be carried out regularly to strengthen personnel's knowledge and experience in health education;at the same time,a sound feedback mechanism for health education should be provided to encourage medical personnel to make health education part of their clinical practice.
基金项目
首都卫生发展科研专项项目(首发2022-2G-4265)
NETL
NSTL
万方数据