湖南省高中生抑郁症状影响因素及与饮食行为的关联性研究
A study on the influencing factors of depressive symptoms and their association with eating behavior among high school students in Hunan Province
张裕 1王非 2陈艳华 2李开宇 2胡冀 2谭雅卿 2陈曦2
作者信息
- 1. 南华大学公共卫生学院,湖南 衡阳 421001
- 2. 湖南省疾病预防控制中心,湖南 长沙 410005
- 折叠
摘要
目的 了解湖南省高中生抑郁症状流行现况,为今后制定抑郁防控方案提供科学依据.方法 采用分层整群抽样方法于2021年10-11月从湖南省抽取17 555名高中生,采用《学生健康状况及影响因素调查表》(中学版)进行问卷调查获取数据,采用x2检验和Logistic回归分析抑郁症状的流行现况和与饮食习惯的关联性.结果 湖南省高中生抑郁症状检出率为24.45％.男生检出率(23.02％)显著低于女生(25.82％),普高学生检出率(22.76％)显著低于职高学生(29.91％),城区学生检出率(25.53％)显著高于郊县学生(21.79％),汉族学生检出率(22.92％)显著低于少数民族学生(31.77％),住校学生检出率(25.12％)显著高于走读学生(23.25％),以上差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01).多因素回归分析结果显示,以从不喝含糖饮料的学生为参照,喝含糖饮料的学生发生抑郁症状风险的OR值为1.169(95％CI:1.064～1.285);以从不吃油炸食品的学生为参照,吃油炸食品的学生发生抑郁症状风险的OR值为1.272(95％CI:1.157～1.398);以吃新鲜水果的学生为参照,从不吃新鲜水果的学生抑郁症状风险的OR值为1.454(95％CI:1.293～1.636);以吃蔬菜的学生为参照,从不吃蔬菜的学生发生抑郁症状风险的OR值为1.460(95％CI:1.270～1.678);以做到天天吃早餐的学生为参照,未做到天天吃早餐的学生发生抑郁症状风险的OR值为2.702(95％CI:2.501～2.919).结论 职高、居住在城区、少数民族、女生、住校的学生抑郁症状检出率更高.不健康的饮食行为与抑郁症状呈正相关,提示改善学生饮食习惯对于促进学生心理健康具有积极意义.
Abstract
Objective To understand the current prevalence of depression symptoms among high school students in Hunan Province,and to provide a scientific basis for future depression prevention and control plans.Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 17 555 high school students from Hunan Province from October to November 2021.A questionnaire survey was conducted by using"Survey Form on Student Health Status and Influencing Factors"(Secondary School Edition).The prevalence of depressive symptoms and their association with dietary habits were analyzed by Chi square test and logistic regression analysis.Results The prevalence of depression among senior high school students in Hunan Province was 24.45％.The detection rate of males(23.02％)was significantly lower than that of females(25.82％).The detection rate of general high school students(22.76％)was significantly lower than that of vocational high school students(29.91％).The detection rate of urban students(25.53％)was significantly higher than that of sub-urban students(21.79％).The detection rate of Han students(22.92％)was significantly lower than that of ethnic minor-ity students(31.77％).The detection rate of residential students(25.12％)was significantly higher than that of day students(23.25％),the above differences were statistically significant(P＜0.01).Compared to students who never drank sugary drinks,students who drank sugary drinks had an OR value of 1.169(95％CI:1.064-1.285)for the risk of de-pression symptoms.Compared to students who never ate fried foods,students who ate fried foods had an OR value of 1.272(95％CI:1.157-1.398)for the risk of depression symptoms.Compared to students who ate fresh fruits,students who never ate fresh fruits had an OR value of 1.454(95％CI:1.293-1.636)for the risk of depression symptoms.Compared to students who ate vegetables,students who never ate vegetables had an OR value of 1.460(95％CI:1.270-1.678)for the risk of depression symptoms.Compared to students who had breakfast every day,students who did not have breakfast ev-ery day had an OR value of 2.702(95％CI:2.501-2.919)for the risk of developing depressive symptoms.Conclusion Students who was in vocational high schools,lived in urban areas,came from minority ethnic groups,females,and lived at school showed a higher detection rate of depressive symptoms.Unhealthy dietary behaviors were positively correlated with de-pressive symptoms,indicating that improving students'dietary habits has positive significance on promoting students'mental health.
关键词
抑郁/饮食行为/高中生/流行现况/影响因素Key words
Depression/Dietary behavior/High school students/Prevalence/Influencing factors引用本文复制引用
出版年
2025
NETL
NSTL
万方数据