首页|核酸扩增技术及其在动物检疫中的应用、挑战与对策

核酸扩增技术及其在动物检疫中的应用、挑战与对策

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核酸扩增技术是一种在生物技术领域广泛使用的技术,可通过特定的方法将DNA或RNA片段扩增至百万倍甚至更高倍数,从而检测和识别这些片段.核酸扩增技术包括多种方法,如实时荧光定量PCR(quantitative real-time PCR,qPCR)、数字PCR技术(digital PCR,dPCR)、重组酶聚合酶扩增技术(recombinase polymerase amplification,RPA)等.在动物检疫方面,通过对动物体内特定病原体的核酸进行扩增,可以快速、准确地检测出该病原体,并采取相应的防控措施;通过对动物源性食品中的病原微生物进行核酸扩增,可以检测出食品中的细菌、病毒等有害物质,保证食品的安全性.随着技术的发展,核酸扩增技术将更加自动化、高通量和快速,灵敏度和特异性将进一步提高.随着微流控技术和纳米技术的发展,核酸扩增技术将变得更加便携,与人工智能、大数据等技术结合,实现智能化和信息化检测,多学科交叉将成为核酸扩增技术发展的重要趋势,有助于推动该技术的创新和应用.
Application,Challenges and Countermeasures of Nucleic Acid Amplification Technology in Animal Quarantine
Nucleic acid amplification technology is a widely used technique in the field of biotechnology,which amplifies DNA or RNA fragments to million-fold or even higher folds through specific methods,allowing these fragments to be tested and identified.Nucleic acid amplification technology includes various methods,such as quantitative real-time PCR(qPCR),digital PCR(dPCR),recombinase polymerase amplification(RPA),etc.In animal quarantine,by amplifying nucleic acids of specific pathogens in animals,the pathogen can be quickly and accurately detected,and corresponding prevention and control measures can be taken.Through nucleic acid amplification of pathogenic microorganisms in animal-derived food,harmful substances such as bacteria and viruses in food can be detected to ensure food safety.With the development of technology,nucleic acid amplification technology will become more automated,high-throughput and fast,and the sensitivity and specificity will be further improved.With the development of microfluidic technology and nanotechnology,combined with artificial intelligence,big data and other technologies,nucleic acid amplification technology will become more portable,to achieve intelligent and information-based detection.Multidisciplinary intersection will become an important trend in the development of nucleic acid amplification technology,which will promote the innovation and application of this technology.

quantitative real-time PCRdigital PCRloop-mediated isothermal amplificationrecombinase polymerase amplificationanimal quarantine

田纯见、刘建利、梅明珠、王莹、丁宁、鱼海琼、李群辉

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广州海关技术中心 广州 510623

深圳海关动植物检验检疫技术中心 深圳 518045

广东省温氏集团研究院 云浮 527300

实时荧光定量PCR 数字PCR 环介导等温扩增 重组酶聚合酶扩增 动物检疫

广东省标准化战略资金项目广东省标准化战略资金项目

KYHZ2022B02KYHZ2023B15

2024

中国口岸科学技术
中国质检报刊社

中国口岸科学技术

影响因子:0.051
ISSN:1002-4689
年,卷(期):2024.6(2)
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