Geminiviruses are a group of single-stranded DNA viruses with worldwide distribution.Despite their destructive damage on crop production,geminiviruses can serve as plant virus-based expression vectors for plant genetic engineering due to their ability in efficient infection,replication and transcription without integrating into host plants' genome,which makes them potent in transient expression of exogenous genes.This review introduced structures of geminiviruses,the development of geminivirus-based vectors and applications of these vectors.It also described geminiviruse' promoters and their tissue-specific activity.In summary,we provide comprehensive information for the application of geminiviruses in biotechnology.