Intestinal microbes and microRNAs are both involved in the regulation of fatty acid absorption,transportation and de novo synthesis,lipid catabolism and storage.MicroRNAs derived from the host can regulate lipid metabolism via regulating specific microbe growth and metabolism.Microbes can either affect host microRNA expression or secreted microRNAs that target host genes and regulate the metabolic function of the host.In this review,we summarized the effects of intestinal microbes and microRNAs on host lipid metabolism and the mechanisms involved.Furthermore,we highlight recent progress about the involvement of microRNA-microbiota axis in the regulation of host lipid metabolism and their possible roles in the prevention and treatment of diseases caused by lipid metabolic disorders.