Structural basis and research progress of bacterial ADP-ribosyltransferase
ADP-ribosylation is a widespread post-translational modification of proteins in organisms catalyzed by adenosine diphosphate ribosyltransferases(ARTs).Bacterial ARTs regulate the various life processes of host cells by transferring ADP-ribose from NAD+to specific substrates,ultimately helping them to reproduce and infect.To date,it has been found that in addition to classical ARTs,bacterial toxin-antitoxin systems or effector proteins can also act as ARTs,recognizing a wide range of substrates and being involved in a more diverse range of life processes.This article summarizes the classical ARTs and toxins/antitoxins or effector proteins with ADP-ribosylation modification function,and reviews their structural characteristics and specificity and mechanisms of targeting substrates and residues.It will help us to understand the bacterial ribosylation modification and elucidate the pathogenic mechanism of important pathogenic bacteria based on the ADP-ribosylation modification system,and it will also provide a reference for identifying new therapeutic targets.
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