3'end tailing modification is one of the key steps in the eukaryotic RNA maturation process.The most common examples include CCA tailing in tRNA and poly(A)tailing in mRNA.In recent years,with the development of sequencing technologies,a class of non-canonical tailing modifications catalyzed by non-canonical terminal nucleotidyl transferases has been discovered at the 3'ends of eukaryotic mRNA and other non-coding RNAs.These modifications play an important role in maintaining RNA stability and regulating cellular functions.This review focuses on non-canonical tailing modifications in eukaryotic RNA,specifically discussing the types of non-canonical tailing modifications found in mRNA and non-coding RNAs,the involved modifying enzymes,their biological functions,and the developmental history of RNA 3'end sequencing methods.
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