Progress on the mechanism of Sodium-glucose cotransporter
Sodium-glucose cotransporter(SGLT)belongs to the solute carrier transporter(SLC transporter)superfamily.SGLT can utilize the electrochemical gradient of sodium ions across the plasma membrane to drive the uptake of glucose against its concentration gradient.The two most important members of the SGLT family are SGLT1 and SGLT2,which are distributed in tissues such as the kidney and small intestine.SGLT2 is an important target for the treatment of diabetes and heart failure.SGLT1 inhibitors hold the potential to treat diabetes,constipation,and other diseases.With the advancement of cryo-EM technology,the structures of SGLT in complex with auxiliary protein MAP 17,the structures of SGLT bound with different small molecule inhibitors,as well as the conformational changes of SGLT during transportation,have been resolved.These studies advance our understanding of the transportation mechanism and pharmacology of SGLT and will facilitate future structure-based drug optimization.
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