Research and application of urinary diagnostic markers and assays for bladder cancer
Bladder cancer is one of the most prevalent malignant tumors of the urinary system,which has become a major disease threatening human health worldwide.The current gold standards for diagnosis of bladder cancer are cystoscopy and pathology of biopsy,which are invasive and painful.For decades,researchers have been working towards identifying and developing non-invasive urinary tumor markers for the detction of bladder cancer.Currently,it has been discovered that various components or markers present in urine,such as exfoliated cells,DNA,RNA,proteins,metabolites,and exosomes,perform well and may be applied widely in early detection,prognosis assessment,recurrence monitoring,and residual tumor determination of bladder cancer.Diagnostic kits like UriFind and Bladder Epicheck have already received market approval.Furthermore,artificial intelligence technology is being utilized in cytology diagnosis to not only address the issue of low sensitivity but also enhance efficiency.This article reviews the progress made in recent years regarding urine diagnostic markers and assays for precision diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer,it also offers insights into future development and serves as a reference for clinicians and researchers.
万方数据
维普
