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微流控芯片技术在传染病诊断中的应用进展

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传染病的严重致病性和快速传播性威胁人类生命健康,快速准确地鉴别病原体是治疗和预防传染病的关键.微流控芯片已广泛应用于临床诊断、分子检测和个性化医学领域.将微流控技术与多种检测技术结合,可满足多种病原体即时检测需求,并有望全面变革和推动传染病诊断和研究领域的发展.本文综述微流控芯片技术在传染病临床医学诊断中的多方面应用,包括诊断、微生物检测、宿主免疫应答分析、抗体筛查、抗体工程以及细胞免疫应答和蛋白质生物学功能方面,并阐明微流控芯片技术的即时检验能力及其高灵敏度、低成本、高通量、快速以及便捷等优势,旨在为推动传染病快速检测研究和实际应用提供依据.
Research progress in the application of microfluidic chip technology for infectious disease diagnosis
Infectious diseases,characterized by high pathogenicity and rapid transmission,pose a serious threat to human health.Rapid and accurate pathogen identification is crucial for effective treatment and prevention.Microfluidic chip technology has emerged as a versatile tool in clinical diagnostics,molecular detection,and personalized medicine.By integrating microfluidic platforms with various detection methods,this technology addresses the urgent need for rapid diagnosis of multiple pathogens,offering the potential to revolutionize and advance the diagnosis and research of infectious disease.This review explores the wide-ranging applications of microfluidic chip technology in the clinical diagnosis of infectious diseases,including pathogen detection,analysis of host immune responses,antibody screening,and its role in cellular immune response studies and proteomics.Additionally,we highlight the real-time detection capabilities of microfluidic chips,emphasizing their advantages in terms of high sensitivity,low cost,high throughput,speed,and user-friendliness.This review aims to provide a foundation for advancing scientific research and practical applications in the rapid detection of infectious diseases.

microfluidic chip technologyinfectious disease diagnosisreal-time testingmicrobial detectionimmune response

张鑫、彭俊平

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中国医学科学院北京协和医学院病原生物学研究所,国家卫生健康委员会病原系统生物学重点实验室,北京 102629

中国医学科学院呼吸道疾病病原组研究重点实验室,北京 102629

中国医学科学院北京协和医学院病原生物学研究所,病原体感染防控教育部重点实验室,北京 102629

微流控芯片技术 传染病诊断 即时检测 微生物检测 免疫应答

2025

中国科学(生命科学)
中国科学院

中国科学(生命科学)

北大核心
影响因子:0.725
ISSN:1674-7232
年,卷(期):2025.55(2)